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Top1. Introduction
The term cellular automata is a discrete model studied in mathematics, physics, computability theory, complexity science and theoretical biology. Cellular automata consist of a regular finite grid of cell; each cell encapsulating an equal portion of the state, and arranged spatially in a regular fashion to form an n-dimensional lattice. For each cell, a set of cells called its neighbourhood (usually including the cell itself) is defined relative to the specified cell. An initial state (time t=0) is given by assigning a state for each cell; according to some fixed rule (generally, a mathematical function) next state is created (time t= t+1) that determines the new state of each cell in terms of the current state of the cell and the states of the cells in its neighbourhood. For example, the rule might be that the cell is “on” in the next generation if and only if exactly one of the cells in the neighbourhood is “on” in the present generation otherwise the cell is “off” in the next generation. If same set of rules are used to update the stage of every cell in the lattice then cellular automata is called uniform otherwise it is called nonuniform cellular automata. A cellular automaton is a sextuple mathematical structure , whereas:
After a brief discussion of cellular automata, this paper will survey finite-width elementary cellular automata. Section 2 will explain construction of elementary cellular automata (ECA) and explain Wolfram's naming conventions for rules used in evolution of CA. Section 3 documents mirrored equivalence, inversion equivalence, and the combination of both. Section 4 will demonstrate how state transition diagrams assists the study of finite-width elementary CA. Section 5 concludes the paper.
Top2. Elementary Cellular Automata
In their most general form, cellular automata are dynamical systems and their behaviour is illustrated using “space-time diagrams” in which the configuration of states in the d-dimensional lattice is plotted as a function of time. This lattice evolves through time in harmony with some type of rule. Cell’s next state is determined using a particular rule by the state that precedes it in lattice.