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Top1. Introduction
Share price is as important as the share return to an investor. Determining the price of share is a difficult task because of its instability and fluctuation. Volatility in share price is the common scenario in the stock market of Bangladesh (Rayhan, Sarker, & Sayem, 2011). Therefore, share price is highly unpredictable and investing in share is risky. Fluctuation in share price has become a major problem for investors. For this reason, investors have lost their confidences regarding the capital market. Volatility in share prices can have a huge impact on the performance of both the financial sector and the economy as a whole. The economy of Bangladesh can be developed by developing the capital market as it is a long term source of capital. Fluctuation in stock prices occurs due to variety of unpredictable factors. It is difficult to predict those factors which cause the share prices to change. Due to uncertainty in capital market investors lose their confidence. Excessive volatility in stock prices has made it more difficult to determine the intrinsic value of stock. High volatility indicates higher risk potentiality for investors. Higher volatility in stock prices may redirect the capital flow from the stock market. It discourages investors from investing into stock. Investors are often suffering from the problem of deciding whether to invest on the stock or not. Investors invest on stock market only when they think that the share price is fair. For making any investment decision they need to identify the true value of stock.
The financial condition of Bangladesh is dominated by its banking industry. The economic success of a country is largely depending on the soundness of its banking sector. The banking sector of Bangladesh encourages individuals both in saving and investing funds. It ensures effective utilization of country’s resources. Banking industry of Bangladesh has improved over the years. Bangladesh is working toward the development of banking industry in order to improve the country’s economic condition. Share price of banks are influenced by various factors such as earnings per share, expected growth, cost of capital, book value per share, bank risk potentiality, expected return, demand for banking service, dividend per share, overall market and economic situation etc.
Stock valuation is the method of finding out the fair value of stock. Stock valuation models can predict the true value of share. There are various stock valuation models available for determining the fair value of stock with considering some assumptions and conditions. By investigating the fair value of share, investors can estimate their investment decision. It may help them to find out which shares are undervalued, which are overvalued and which are valued correctly. Different authors have pointed out different factors for determining the price of share. Prior researchers have pointed out various internal and external factors which is responsible for determining the prices of share. Book value per share, earning per share, dividend, gross domestic product and net asset value are the factors which determine share price (Al-Omar H and Al Mutairy, 2008). Besides, interest rates, political events, lawsuits, mergers and acquisition, government policies, investors sentiments and availability of substitute, reports and technical influences (Oyama, 1997), (Sunde, 2009). Moreover, book value, earning per share and price-earnings ratio are having a significant positive relationship with firm’s stock price while dividend yield has a significant inverse relationship with the market price of the firm’s stock (Malhotra, 2013).