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Crop diseases and insect pests are one of the main agricultural disasters. They have the characteristics of many kinds, great impact and frequent outbreaks. Their occurrence scope and severity often cause great losses to the national economy, especially agricultural production. In recent years, the worsening global climate and the increasingly fragile ecological environment have led to more and more serious phenomena of crop diseases and insect pests. As the quality of plant growth environment declines, the dissemination speed of diseases and insect pests has been accelerated. Only by timely acquisition and identification of information on diseases and insect pests in crops can effective control measures be taken. With the rise of precision agriculture, the application of information technology in agricultural production provides a new way to identify pests and diseases in crops (Long, 2014).
In the past, visual hand inspection was often used to detect plant diseases and insect pests. This method not only requires the inspector to have considerable professional knowledge and rich work experience, but also the manual counting and statistical operation are extremely complex in the whole detection process. Visual hand-searching method cannot meet the current requirements of real-time monitoring of pest information and cannot use real-time control means. In particular, the symptoms of some plant diseases and insect pests in the early stage of injury are very similar, and it is difficult to distinguish them by visual method (Zhao et al., 2012; Gao et al., 2018; Jiang et al., 2017).
Digital agriculture can make the whole growth process of plants be managed finely, mainly because of the higher requirement of timely and accurate information acquisition for plant diseases and insect pests. According to the damage degree of leaves to determine the spraying dose of pesticides, digital agriculture requires a very high precision of the spraying dose of pesticides, which will inevitably become the most critical step in the implementation of precision management (Liu & Chen 2018; Shen et al., 2017). In the field of digital agriculture, the specific damaged parts of leaves in the damaged plants can be identified by using intelligent detection methods to monitor the plants in real time, and the damaged degree of leaves can be accurately identified by this method.
Computer vision technology is mainly based on image processing. In the process of detecting plant diseases and insect pests, the technology extracts the tissue of the injured plant, the edge of the disease spot or the insect body of the pest, and obtains the degree of plant damage through the area and the quantity of the injured plant, so as to adopt effective control measures. Computer vision technology mainly focuses on the morphological characteristics of the object of study. The image data information collected is generally perceived by the naked eye, so the amount of data collected is relatively small.
Some of the collected images of diseased leaves are blurred. We need to extract features from these blurred images and data mining in these features. This is a research related to fuzzy system and data mining. Using data mining technology to analyze and process the blurred and clear areas in images is a very practical technology, which can be used as the precondition of image object extraction, image segmentation, image deblurring, image retrieval and so on.
In order to achieve the objectives of the project, the following issues are urgently awaited: