Abstract
The purpose of this study is to search for the difference between traditional marketing and electronic marketing on tourism. The data is based on empirical researches and literature reviews. The study is based on descriptive analysis. An overview of this study indicates that hotels and mostly visitors prefer to use an online reservation system and online travel agencies. This study provides tourism suppliers with ways to use electronic marketing and communication with visitors. Also, tourism suppliers are able to prepare marketing strategies based on visitor choice to use while travel planning.
TopIntroduction
Tourism is the world’s largest sector which has got new activities, destinations, markets and rapid changes with dynamic growth. People are traveling the world. Joining the tour packages, adventure experiences, cruises. During their trip, visitors and activities make economic and social impact on the local communities. First impression of tourism is people who visit places for sightseeing, visiting relatives or friends, take vacation and also participation in business trip or professional activity and need transportation for their vacation (Goeldner & Ritchie, 2009).
Tourism identified four perspectives:
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Tourist looking for experiences and satisfactions.
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Business people make profit by providing goods and services for tourism market.
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Government of the local community see tourism as a wealth factor for economy.
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Host community see tourism as an employment factor.
Tourism is the interaction among tourist, tourism suppliers, governments, host communities and environment (Goeldner & Ritchie, 2009). Tourism has heterogeneous structure with stakeholders than other industries (Le Roux, 2015). Technology has changed the customers purchasing habits with tourism products. Also customers endowed with technology to classify, customize and purchase tourism product. Additional that support tourism organizations to develop and distribute their services worldwide (Buhalis & Laws, 2008).
Definitions of Tourism
Definition by United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO, 2019) is “Tourism is a social, cultural and economic phenomenon which entails the movement of people to countries or places outside their usual environment for personal or business/ professional purposes. These people called visitors and tourism has to do with their activities, some of which imply tourism expenditure”
Visitor who is taking a trip to outside of usual environment for any purpose and stay less than a year. Tourist or overnight visitor means is “trip includes overnight stay”. Excursionist or same-day visitor mean is visit a place but not stay overnight (UNWTO, 2019). Excursionist also called day-trippers because they stay less than twenty-four hours. Destinations and activities are influenced tourist choice and travel motivation. Such as natural resources and environment; the built environment that reflections of cultural and historical of host region; the infrastructure of tourism destination and also superstructure should respond to demands of visitors; information is the effective manner to present of tourism destination. (Goeldner & Ritchie, 2009).
Key Terms in this Chapter
C2C: Customer to Customer means that customers can trade with each other.
B2B2C: Business to Business to Customer is an e-commerce among to businesses and consumer (B2C) for complete product or service transaction.
WOM: Word of Mouth.
B2C: Business to Consumer means that selling products directly to consumers.
ICT: Information and Communication Technology.
OTA: Online Travel Agency.
LCC: Low Cost Airline.
WWW: World Wide Web.
CRS: Computerized Reservation System.
B2B: Business to Business is Exchange of products, service or information between businesses on the internet.
GDS: Global Distribution System.