Abstract
This chapter examined the state of Jogjakarta’s local governments Web sites (i.e, Bantul, Sleman, Kulon Progo, City of Jogjakarta and The Special Province of Jogjakarta provincial government). There are few tools available to assess e-government Web sites. We used the framework developed by Stanton, UNPAN, Indonesian Government, and CIPSODA proposed by Heeks. Stanton’s frameworks emphasized the use of ICT by local government for better interaction with the citizen. This framework is inline with the UN framework that aimed at building a people-centred and inclusive information society. Stanton identified 4 e-government sub spaces (i.e. publish, interact, transact, and transform). Indonesian government rules were leaning toward Web-based e-government. We used those tools to evaluate and observe the impact of e-government and also observed the state of ICT infrastructure in Indonesia that might be hindering the adoption of Web-based e-government and suggested an alternative.
TopWeb-Based E-Government
E-government can be broadly defined as the use of ICT in the-government sector ranging from the use of stand alone computer and telephone, office automation to the used of the most sophisticated web-based e-government (Heeks, 2006; Mosse & Whitley, 2004; Shackleton, Fisher, & Dawson, 2004; Stanton, 2005; UN, 2005). In this sense e-government has been with us long before this terminology widely used. Nowadays, however, the term e-government tends to refer to web-based e-government as more and more government and its departments moving to the web. This chapter, therefore, focus on web-based e-government aspects.
E-government can be seen as a ‘socio-technical system’ consisting of technical aspects (information and technology) and social aspects such as people, organization and environment (Avison & Fitzgerald, 2002; Heeks, 2006). Further Heeks (2006) proposed a checklist called ITPOSMO to describe “what an e-government is”. ITPOSMO stands for:
Key Terms in this Chapter
Instant Messaging: Refers to form of communication between two or more parties in a real time mode using text.
3G: Or third generation of mobile phones, refers to the standard of mobile phone technology that enables to deliver high speed data, voice, and video access.
Socio-Technical System: Consists of technical aspects (information and technology) and social aspects such as people, organization and environment of a system.
HSDPA: Or High Speed Downlink Packet Access, refers to data communication protocol of 3G mobile phone network that enable high speed data transfer.
Mobile Government: Refers to the use of handheld or mobile communication devices to access and deliver e-government services.
E-Democracy: Refers to the use of electronic channel (e-government) for democratic process such as public policy making and voting.
Web-Based e-Government: Refers to the use of internet-enabled devices (usually PCs) to access and deliver e-government services.
E-Goverment: Refers to the use of internet technology as a platform for exchanging information, providing services and transacting with citizens, businesses, and other arms of government. e-Government may be applied by the legislature, judiciary, or administration, in order to improve internal efficiency, the delivery of public services, or processes of democratic governance.