Metamaterial Loaded Microstrip Patch Antennas

Background Of Metamaterial And Its Importance In Microstrip Patch Antennas

Most recently, antenna researchers have verified and evidenced an innovative approach to overcome the limitations of microstrip patch antennas by using metamaterial. In 1968, the Russian physicist Viktor Veselago theoretically predicted that metamaterial possesses negative values of magnetic permeability (μ) and/or electric permittivity (ε) (Veselago, 1968). Metamaterial structure consists of split ring resonators (SRRs) to produce negative permeability and thin wire elements to generate negative permittivity Metamaterial possesses both negative permeability (μ) and/or negative permittivity (ε). Hence, they are termed as double negative (DNG) or single negative (SNG) metamaterials. In SNG metamaterials either single of the property i.e. permeability or permittivity is negative. The permeability (μ) negative materials are called mu negative (MNG) and permittivity (ε) negative materials are termed as epsilon negative (ENG) materials. Researchers have reported the metamaterial properties of different SRRs. (Veselago, 1968; Pendry, 1999; Smith, 2005; Ziolkowski, 2003; Bilotti, 2007; Marques, 2003).