Abstract
Currently, social associations face a set of difficulties inherent to their activities in which financial scarcity is one of the most pronounced. It is considered that enhancing the use of ICT can bring added value. Thus, there is an urgent need for a comparative analysis of low code platforms available on the market to create a prototype that optimizes the information supporting the management activity. It is also considered that, given the problem under study, the concept of low code development allows to include the current challenges for software development, given the importance of digital transformation. The chapter focuses on the implementation of sustainability measures, functional analysis, and choice of technology where it will allow the development of the prototype. The prototype will demonstrate information to citizens in different domains where this information will be relevant for the social organization to understand citizen problems.
TopBackground
The literature review is based on the context of the problem proposed in this chapter, where themes related to sustainability are addressed. The concept of sustainability came about with the work “The Limits of Growth” in 1972 at the United Nations Conference in Stockholm. The publication focuses on environmental conservation and focuses on four key themes: Population growth; Industrial growth; Food insufficiency; Insufficient natural resources, in which immediate control is needed to resume environmental balance (Meadows, Meadows, Randers, & Behrens, 1972).
In this sense, the United Nations created the World Commission on Environment and Development, which aimed to suggest new standards of international cooperation to be able to direct international policies and actions that would provide the necessary changes (United Nations, 1983). The Commission's work conceived as a result in 1987 the Bruntland Report (Brundtland, 1987), known as “Our Common Future”. The report considers that “the image of sustainable development implies the concept of improving people's economic and social situations and ensuring, in the long term, the natural needs of life. Environmental protection cannot be the last factor to consider but should be integrated into all developments. Sustainable development requires consideration of ecological, economic, and social factors in a national and global policy.
In 1992, the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development was held in Rio de Janeiro. As a result of the Conference came the approval of “Agenda 21”. “Agenda 21” highlights the challenges of the 21st century through an action plan that specifies the objectives to be achieved by societies for the sustainability of life on the planet.
In view of the above, it is emphasized that in 1997 and 2002 other United Nations conferences on Environment and Development were conceived, with the objective of validating the commitments proposed in 1992 and suggesting new action plans (United Nations, 1992). In 2015, the United Nations General Assembly adopted the “2030 Agenda” in which it set 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and 169 goals. The Figure 1 represents the 17 SDGs.
Key Terms in this Chapter
Information and Communication Technologies: A technological resource set used to process information and ensure communication. When used in an integrated way it enhances information transmission and communication processes.
Sustainability: Ability to sustain life on the planet, considering the five dimensions: individual, social, economic, technical, and environmental.
Karlskrona Manifesto: Establishes the principles and dimensions for the design of sustainable software systems.
Requirements Analysis: Iterative process to identify features and restrictions with a view to developing or changing a software product. Usually use cases are used.
Information Systems: Is the organized set of components such as people, processes of collection and transmission of data and material resources, automated or manual. The interaction of components enhances the processing and dissemination of information.