In this chapter, a framework is discussed for creating contents to help significant organizational tasks such as planning, research, innovation, education, development, et cetera be achieved in an efficient way. The proposed framework is based on an interplay between the ontologies of the key segments and the problem context using the linguistically significant notions for each key segment. Once a certain organizational task is faced these notions are adjusted to create a new content filling the new situation. In the chapter, an agent-based architecture is discussed to show how human interaction with his/her surrounding organization can be realized through using this framework.
Top1. Introduction
In smart organizations, which in their advanced form can be viewed as learning organizations, users are expected to act as agile and/or smart as possible. Regarding this, taking into account the point that users may need appropriate contents to be helped with their assigned functions, it would be important to provide the essential contents in such a way that the functions allocated to the users due to their organizational tasks, can be performed in a plausible manner. Under such expectation, creating potential contents, to provide sufficient ability for efficient interactions between the knowledge workers in an organization and their organizational tasks, is of high significance. Taking the above point into account, a variety of concerns may exist with respect to the contents in organizations, which should be handled carefully
- A.
Contents are to be structured on the ground of a kind of interplay between a variety of entities related to different issues such as domain knowledge, problem-context, task model and user model as well.
- B.
Knowledge on both the task to be performed by users, and the user model itself, should in some way be projected onto the way the essential contents are structured.
- C.
Some mechanisms are required to assure the essential parameters such as integrity, coherence, validity, soundness,… for the contents within the process of content creation.
Due to the above reasons, it would be necessary to look for a solution that can handle these concerns in terms of appropriate considerations, to organize efficiently the essential background knowledge. To fulfill this, the possible variations of the problems that occur frequently in an organization, should be in some way reflected in the background knowledge in terms of some key concepts that can in some way assure the minimum adequacy required for content. It seems that ontologies, due to their capability in relationalizing the significant concepts in a domain, can be good alternatives in this regard. Obviously, representation in terms of ontology is not only necessary for the domain knowledge, but also for the entities participating in problem context as well as task model and user model.
Having adopted ontological representation in such a way, the problem of creating content for a certain problem context, a certain task and a certain user can be mapped onto the way the corresponding entities in the ontologies of context, task model, and user model are to be carried over into the key concepts in the ontology of domain knowledge, to specify the status/degree of some linguistically significant entities, based on which creation of the entire content can come true in a natural language sense. In our approach, entities such as What, Which, Who, Whom, Where, How, and Why, which address the significant terms with regard to an issue, are selected as the alternatives for these linguistically significant entities. Selection of such entities permits us to have insight into the way the contents belonging to different tasks ought to differ from each other with regard to the key concepts in the domain knowledge ontology. Obviously, due to some difficulties in automated generation of partial contents for these linguistically –significant entities, interaction with a human specialist may come necessary. Another role of the human specialist can be summarized in his/her duty in assuring content's quality in terms of the essential parameters already discussed, based on a periodic screening/editing the intermediate results in content creation.