Reliable Routing Protocols in VANETs

Reliable Routing Protocols in VANETs

Gongjun Yan, Danda B. Rawat, Samy El-Tawab
Copyright: © 2010 |Pages: 14
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-61520-913-2.ch010
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Abstract

One of the notoriously difficult problems in vehicular ad-hoc networks is to ensure that established paths do not break before the end of data transmission. This is a difficult problem because the network topology is changing constantly and the routing links are inherently unstable. This chapter reviews several routing protocols which are designed for vehicular network environment. Currently, there are five major types of routing protocols based on the metrics used for routing: 1) flooding based routing, 2) mobility based routing, 3) infrastructure based routing, 4) geographic position based routing, and 5) probability model based routing. We give a survey of each type of routing method. Since probability theory is an ideal tool to describe the dynamics of vehicles, we present one probability model based routing method as a detailed example.
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The Flooding Based Routing

In flooding routing protocol, the basic idea is to broadcast packets on the whole network. Each node receiving a packet will rebroadcast it if the node is not the destination node. It is not an efficient routing protocol in terms of bandwidth and delay. If all nodes can be reached within the transmission range of transceiver, flooding method can be seen as an efficient routing scheme. However, in case of multi-hop communication, the performance of network will dramatically drop when the population of nodes increases. Flooding methods will encounter a lot of duplicates of packets, even causing broadcasting storm. In addition, the flooding methods scale badly beyond a few hundred nodes.

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