Abstract
Issues of scientific and technological development of economy determine the need for changes to the management system in the organizations of scientific and educational services, including higher education. Scientific, technical, educational, and innovative activities of technical universities are designed to promote the development of students' technological entrepreneurship. The chapter examines different (institutional, mental, interuniversity, etc.) student entrepreneurship development barriers. It identifies the key stakeholders (their role and motivation), in accordance with the levels of their involvement in the process of promotion of entrepreneurship in the university environment. It presents the approaches to the formation of a system of stimulation and a complex of activities, which are held at the platform of the technical university.
TopBasic Methods
Solving the problem of increasing the effectiveness of the role of universities in business development can be achieved in the following areas: providing a signal to society from the government of an understanding of the importance of entrepreneurship; demonstrating readiness for its full support and development; organizing an integrated system of development commercialization and realization of business ideas by students and young scientists; and providing the growth of entrepreneurial culture and competencies, as well as generating a stable flow of new business projects, including startups, creating a “critical mass” of technology companies entering the “innovation funnel” through the development of entrepreneurial competences and skills among students and young scientists.
The level of entrepreneurship development in universities is usually estimated by the following criteria (Bayes-Brown, 2015; RVC, 2015):
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The presence of a university document focused on the support of business development (such as a mission, a strategy, development programs of universities, roadmaps).
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The share of employees and students combining work and training with an entrepreneurship activity or their own business.
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The number of operating acceleration/incubation programs and other programs on innovation and entrepreneurial orientation (units per 1,000 students and academic staff).
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The number of resident teams of the business incubators and technoparks (units per 1,000 academic staff).
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Events to promote public lectures on entrepreneurship (units per 1,000 academic staff).
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The number of small innovative enterprises per 1,000 students and academic staff.
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The average investment in small innovative enterprises, the turnover, and the number of workplaces created.
Key Terms in this Chapter
Micro-Enterprise: Generally defined as a small business employing nine people or fewer, and having a balance sheet or turnover less than a certain amount.
Technology Entrepreneurship: Business based on a sustainable competitive advantage, which is the innovative high-tech (knowledge-intensive) idea.
Technopark: A place that supports university–industry and government collaboration with the intent of advancing knowledge and promoting technological and economic developments.