What is Argumentation

This chapter describes how the explicit teaching of an argumentative schema Toulmin argumentative process (TAP) allows the exploration of students' scientific reasoning according to the cognitive model of science (CMS) when immersed in a kinematic activity called The walking man. A qualitative methodology was implemented to acquire, explore, and analyze two sources of data that were recollected from students discourse and a poster generated during the implementation of a kinematic activity. The results found show that it is possible to model students' scientific reasoning after the explicit teaching of TAP and that it also acts as a scaffolding resource for students to promote scientific reasoning cognitive abilities such as observation, data collection, use of representations (tabular, graphical and mathematical equation), creation, analysis and discussion of a kinematic model of the phenomena.