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What is Behaviorism

Chapter 14
Handbook of Research on Challenges and Opportunities in Launching a Technology-Driven International University
Also called the behaviorist approach, was the primary paradigm in psychology between 1920s to 1950 and is primarily concerned with observable behavior, as opposed to internal events like thinking and emotion.
Published in Chapter:
MOOCs and the Challenges They Pose to Higher Education
Viktor Wang (California State University, USA) and Linda Ellington (Southern New Hampshire University, USA)
Copyright: © 2019 |Pages: 26
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-6255-9.ch014
Abstract
Technologies come and go at an alarming rate, and the length of time any one technology exists before being supplanted by a newer technology is growing even shorter. In colleges and universities, this rapid technological replacement rate can hold immense implications for both the development and delivery of education. When technology transience is considered, institutions of higher education look at how specific incarnations of technology come and go, the length of time they are in existence, and their use within a given context. And because education has historically been so closely intertwined with technology, it becomes an investigation into not only education but also lifespan development, societal adaptation, and a myriad of other factors in which technology driven international universities will exist and or cease to exist.
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Chapter 1
Research and Methodological Foundations of Transaction Log Analysis
A research approach that emphasizes the outward behavioral aspects of thought. For transaction log analysis, we take a more open view of behaviorism. In this more encompassing view, behaviorism emphasizes the observed behaviors without discounting the inner aspects that may accompany these outward behaviors.
Published in Chapter: Research and Methodological Foundations of Transaction Log Analysis; From: Handbook of Research on Web Log Analysis
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Chapter 4
The Evolution of Learning and Technological Innovation: Preparing Students for Successful Careers
pays attention to students' actions and assesses whether they are learning. The central belief is that students learn through reinforcement - constant feedback that tells them whether their actions are right or wrong. The effectiveness of their learning comes from test scores and homework marks.
Published in Chapter: The Evolution of Learning and Technological Innovation: Preparing Students for Successful Careers; From: Handbook of Research on Sustainable Career Ecosystems for University Students and Graduates
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Chapter 5
Creating Supportive Multimedia Learning Environments
This learning theory considers learning to be a change in observable behavior that results from an experience and lasts over time. Based on B. F. Skinner’s concept that behavior changes because of contiguity or the pairing of stimuli, insights, goals, ideas, and any other change that exists only in the learner’s mind are not considered (Eggen & Kauchak, 1999)
Published in Chapter: Creating Supportive Multimedia Learning Environments; From: Handbook of Research on Human Performance and Instructional Technology
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Chapter 9
Understanding Adult Learners' Needs and Integrating Technology for Effective Online Education: Adult-Centered Approaches for Teaching and Learning
The conditioning of an individual's behavior through interaction with the individual's environment, where knowledge is gained through stimuli, rewards, and repetition.
Published in Chapter: Understanding Adult Learners' Needs and Integrating Technology for Effective Online Education: Adult-Centered Approaches for Teaching and Learning; From: Handbook of Research on Innovative Frameworks and Inclusive Models for Online Learning
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Chapter 13
Phenomenology of Religious Experience: A Christian Perspective
Behaviorism, also known as behavioral psychology, is a theory of learning based on the idea that all behaviors are acquired through conditioning. Conditioning occurs through interaction with the environment. Behaviorists believe that our responses to environmental stimuli shape our actions. Behaviorism is a systematic approach to understanding the behavior of humans and other animals. It assumes that behavior is either a reflex evoked by the pairing of certain antecedent stimuli in the environment.
Published in Chapter: Phenomenology of Religious Experience: A Christian Perspective; From: Phenomenological Approaches to Religion and Spirituality
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Chapter 6
Educational Approaches for Tackling Cyberbullying
Is a psychological theory based on the assumption that human behavior is determined by the environment through association and reinforcement.
Published in Chapter: Educational Approaches for Tackling Cyberbullying; From: Cyberbullying and the Critical Importance of Educational Resources for Prevention and Intervention
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Chapter 1
Human Cognition in the Design of Assistive Technology for Those with Learning Disabilities
The theory that all objectively, observable behaviors are a result of conditioning; the theory discredits mental activities.
Published in Chapter: Human Cognition in the Design of Assistive Technology for Those with Learning Disabilities; From: Handbook of Research on Human Cognition and Assistive Technology: Design, Accessibility and Transdisciplinary Perspectives
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Chapter 2
Massive Open Online Courses: An Educational Revolution
The theory that learning is based on the assumptions that observable behavior is more important than understanding internal activities, behavior should focus on specific stimuli and responses learning is about behavior change. ( Gredler, 2005 ). In the context of online learning, this term is used to describe a traditional instructional format that uses, among other things, lectures, discussions, projects, videos, time limits, exams and grading schemas.
Published in Chapter: Massive Open Online Courses: An Educational Revolution; From: Handbook of Research on Education and Technology in a Changing Society
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Chapter 5
Andragogy and Technology
A theory of animal and human learning that only focuses on objectively observable behaviors and discounts mental activities. Behavior theorists define learning as nothing more than the acquisition of new behavior. URL: www.funderstanding.com
Published in Chapter: Andragogy and Technology; From: Encyclopedia of Information Technology Curriculum Integration
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Chapter 5
Conventional Online Teaching vs. Andragogical Online Teaching
It stands for behaviorist teaching philosophy. First invented by John Watson in the 1920s and further advanced by B. F. Skinner in the 1960s. Translated into online teaching and learning, it represents “programmed instruction” which was first introduced in the 1960s. In the 21st century, programmed instruction is still useful for the virtual learning environments, but it must be supplemented and complemented by andragogical teaching methods when it comes to helping adult learners learn in the online learning environments.
Published in Chapter: Conventional Online Teaching vs. Andragogical Online Teaching; From: Encyclopedia of Information Communication Technologies and Adult Education Integration
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Chapter 108
Educational Technology and Learning Theory
Educational theory focused on changing observable student behavior using reinforcement in line with a stimulus-and-response framework.
Published in Chapter: Educational Technology and Learning Theory; From: Encyclopedia of Distance Learning, Second Edition
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Chapter 11
Pedagogical Teaching or Andragogical Teaching via MOOCs?
Also called the behaviorist approach, was the primary paradigm in psychology between 1920s to 1950 and is primarily concerned with observable behavior, as opposed to internal events like thinking and emotion.
Published in Chapter: Pedagogical Teaching or Andragogical Teaching via MOOCs?; From: Handbook of Research on Learning Outcomes and Opportunities in the Digital Age
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Chapter 3
Interface Design
Is a systematic approach to understanding the behavior of humans and other animals. It assumes that all behaviors are either reflexes produced by a response to certain stimuli in the environment, or a consequence of that individual's history, including especially reinforcement and punishment, together with the individual's current motivational state and controlling stimuli. Although behaviorists generally accept the important role of inheritance in determining behavior, they focus primarily on environmental factors.
Published in Chapter: Interface Design; From: Advanced Technology-Assisted Problem Solving in Engineering Education: Emerging Research and Opportunities
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Chapter 40
One Size Does Not Fit All: Learning to Tailor Instruction to the Needs of Asian EFL Students
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Chapter 11
The End of Instructional Design
Behaviorism is a theory of learning that equates learning with changes in observable behavior. Under this model, people learn by responding to stimuli in their environment. Through a repetitive schedule of reinforcement, the results become routine and “learning” occurs. The best way to facilitate behaviorist learning with ID is, therefore, to provide the learner with the appropriate stimuli to elicit the proper response and to repeat the process until the response becomes automatic.
Published in Chapter: The End of Instructional Design; From: Handbook of Research on Instructional Systems and Technology
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Chapter 3
Compromising Personal Safety on Social Media: The Fine Line Between Technical Limitations and Personal Choices
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Chapter 84
Designing Instruction for Successful Online Learning
Learning is seen as a change in behavior and learner behavior is explained in terms of external physical stimuli and responses rather than what the learner is thinking.
Published in Chapter: Designing Instruction for Successful Online Learning; From: Encyclopedia of Distance Learning, Second Edition
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Chapter 6
Immersive Technology: Past, Present, and Future in Education
Behaviorism was formally established with the 1913 publication of John B. Watson's classic paper. The tenet of behaviorism is built on the idea that all behaviors are acquired through conditioning. Environment is considered an important factor in conditioning. Behaviorists believe that our responses to environmental stimuli shape our actions.
Published in Chapter: Immersive Technology: Past, Present, and Future in Education; From: Cognitive and Affective Perspectives on Immersive Technology in Education
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Chapter 1
LMS Course Design for Adult Learning: Heutagogy, Andragogy, Pedagogy
Also called the behaviorist approach, was the primary paradigm in psychology between 1920s to 1950 and is primarily concerned with observable behavior, as opposed to internal events like thinking and emotion.
Published in Chapter: LMS Course Design for Adult Learning: Heutagogy, Andragogy, Pedagogy; From: Handbook of Research on Andragogical Leadership and Technology in a Modern World
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Chapter 1
An Evaluative Framework for the Most Suitable Theory of Mobile Learning
Behaviorism is actually a stimulus-response theory of learning and behavioristic school of thought considers knowledge as arising from stimulus-response repertoire where any learning that takes place occurs outside the individual and the cognitive function of an individual does not play any role.
Published in Chapter: An Evaluative Framework for the Most Suitable Theory of Mobile Learning; From: Managing Social Media Practices in the Digital Economy
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Chapter 3
Assessment of Learning and Technology: Computer Science Education
A psychological paradigm that views learning as the acquisition of behavior through conditioning.
Published in Chapter: Assessment of Learning and Technology: Computer Science Education; From: Handbook of Research on Learning Outcomes and Opportunities in the Digital Age
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Chapter 23
Breaking Away: How Virtual Worlds Impact Pedagogical Practices
A theory that emphasizes behavior management, as well as lower-order thinking skills such as memorization and recall.
Published in Chapter: Breaking Away: How Virtual Worlds Impact Pedagogical Practices; From: Handbook of Research on Practices and Outcomes in Virtual Worlds and Environments
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Chapter 97
Interaction in Cooperative Learning
Behaviorism is a theory of human learning that only focuses on objectively observable behaviors and discounts mental activities. Behavior theorists define learning as nothing more than the acquisition of new behavior.
Published in Chapter: Interaction in Cooperative Learning; From: Encyclopedia of Networked and Virtual Organizations
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Chapter 83
Designing Effective Computer-Based Learning Materials
Learning is seen as a change in behavior. It explains learner behavior in terms of external physical stimuli and responses rather than what the learner is thinking.
Published in Chapter: Designing Effective Computer-Based Learning Materials; From: Encyclopedia of Distance Learning, Second Edition
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Chapter 4
New Identification of Political Conflict and the Asymmetric Threat Phenomenon on the Example of Cyber Warfare
Is a theory of learning based on the idea that all behaviors are acquired through conditioning, and conditioning occurs through interaction with the environment. Behaviorists believe that our actions are shaped by environmental stimuli.
Published in Chapter: New Identification of Political Conflict and the Asymmetric Threat Phenomenon on the Example of Cyber Warfare; From: Handbook of Research on Current Trends in Cybersecurity and Educational Technology
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Chapter 247
Learning Management Technology and Preservice Teachers
A perspective on learning that emphasizes the use the stimulus and response to intervene and impact learning and learners through behavior modification.
Published in Chapter: Learning Management Technology and Preservice Teachers; From: Encyclopedia of Information Science and Technology, Third Edition
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