What is Bottleneck

In contrast to traditional campus settings, information and communication technology (ICT) enabled pedagogy is what is known as online/web based/e- learning primarily relies on a virtual campus where face-to-face interaction does not occur frequently. Digital technology, primarily the internet or a computer, is used as the primary teaching tool in online learning ecosystem. This book chapter in its endeavour critically analyses push, pull, bottleneck and road ahead of online learning in India at the same time provides recommendations to make e-learning effective and efficient. The book chapter discusses need, opportunity, and present status of online learning in India post covid pandemic era. The chapter concludes that e-learning in India has rapidly grown and transformed the education landscape by providing accessible, flexible, and diverse learning opportunities. While it brings many benefits, there are also challenges to overcome, especially in terms of ensuring equitable access and maintaining educational quality.