What is Exploration-Explotation Dilemma

This work is intended for providing a review of reallife practical applications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) methods. We focus on the use of Machine Learning (ML) methods applied to rather real problems than synthetic problems with standard and controlled environment. In particular, we will describe the following problems in next sections: • Optimization of Erythropoietin (EPO) dosages in anaemic patients undergoing Chronic Renal Failure (CRF). • Optimization of a recommender system for citizen web portal users. • Optimization of a marketing campaign. The choice of these problems is due to their relevance and their heterogeneity. This heterogeneity shows the capabilities and versatility of ML methods to solve real-life problems in very different fields of knowledge. The following methods will be mentioned during this work: • Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs): Multilayer Perceptron (MLP), Finite Impulse Response (FIR) Neural Network, Elman Network, Self-Oganizing Maps (SOMs) and Adaptive Resonance Theory (ART). • Other clustering algorithms: K-Means, Expectation- Maximization (EM) algorithm, Fuzzy C-Means (FCM), Hierarchical Clustering Algorithms (HCA). • Generalized Auto-Regressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (GARCH). • Support Vector Regression (SVR). • Collaborative filtering techniques. • Reinforcement Learning (RL) methods.