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What is Flexibility

Chapter 4
Handbook of Research on Transnational Higher Education
Flexibility is needed to ensure effective responses to problems.
Published in Chapter:
Observations through a Keyhole: The Changing Dimensions of Global Higher Education
Tak Cheung Chan (Kennesaw State University, USA), Evan G. Mense (Southeastern Louisiana University, USA), Mindy Crain-Dorough (Southeastern Louisiana University, USA), Michael D. Richardson (Southeastern Louisiana University, USA), and Kenneth E. Lane (Southeastern Louisiana University, USA)
Copyright: © 2014 |Pages: 20
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-4666-4458-8.ch004
Abstract
Global higher education leaders face the most explosive political environment in the history of higher education in the world due to decreased financial resources coupled with increased accountability. As revenues become scarcer, calls for accountability continually increase the five often-competing forces driving change in global higher education. In order to gain a more holistic view of accountability, the authors focus on five major shifts in global higher education: 1) Supply: financing; move from state-supported to state-assisted; 2) Demand: students; by 2020 minority students will be the majority; 3) Delivery: competition; faculty, f2f, online, technology, etc.; 4) Structure: new structures in different locations, internationalization, no longer brick and mortar, brick and click; 5) Productivity: management by objectives and results orientation.
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More Results
Chapter 638
Virtual Organization
Virtual organizations are, by their nature, flexible. Traditional organizational structures are rooted in the physical world and rely on structures, unalterable networks, and specific locations to function properly. Because of this, when it becomes necessary to introduce change into a specific organization, a barrier is reached where further alteration requires physical, costly modifications. A virtual organization is unhindered by these problems. These structures are designed so that they can operate regardless of time or place, independent of existing physical realities.
Published in Chapter: Virtual Organization; From: Encyclopedia of Information Science and Technology, Second Edition
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Chapter 8
Structural Aspects of Organizations
It is the property of organizations concerning their ability to adapt to different operative situations. The structural aspects of flexibility can be exactly quantified with graph-theoretical methods.
Published in Chapter: Structural Aspects of Organizations; From: Handbook of Research on Multi-Agent Systems: Semantics and Dynamics of Organizational Models
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Chapter 2
Re-Defining Work-Life Boundaries: Individual, Organizational, and National Policy Implications
How much control an individual has over when and where work is completed. Generally flexible schedules have resulted in positive outcomes.
Published in Chapter: Re-Defining Work-Life Boundaries: Individual, Organizational, and National Policy Implications; From: Optimizing Data and New Methods for Efficient Knowledge Discovery and Information Resources Management: Emerging Research and Opportunities
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Chapter 86
Real Options Reasoning as a Tool for Managerial Decision Making
Flexibility arises from the expected added value that the firm can generate from revising its strategy over time. Strategic flexibility reflects how the firm situates itself to avail of future opportunities, challenges, new game plans, or real options.
Published in Chapter: Real Options Reasoning as a Tool for Managerial Decision Making; From: Encyclopedia of Decision Making and Decision Support Technologies
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Chapter 5
Analyzing GraphQL Performance: A Case Study
Facility how the application adapts to new consumers necessities.
Published in Chapter: Analyzing GraphQL Performance: A Case Study; From: Software Engineering for Agile Application Development
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Chapter 7
Andragogy or Pedagogy as a Means to Improve the Workforce?
Used figuratively, meaning to change easily in response to situations. In this article, it refers being able to move freely from pedagogical model to andragogical model and vice versa.
Published in Chapter: Andragogy or Pedagogy as a Means to Improve the Workforce?; From: Handbook of Research on Technologies for Improving the 21st Century Workforce: Tools for Lifelong Learning
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Chapter 7
Cognitive Coaching: Shifting “Organizations for Learning” Into “Learning Organizations”
The ability to adapt and broaden one’s thinking to make room for other possibilities and perspectives.
Published in Chapter: Cognitive Coaching: Shifting “Organizations for Learning” Into “Learning Organizations”; From: Coaching Applications and Effectiveness in Higher Education
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Chapter 3
Role of Human Resources, Production Process, and Flexibility on Commercial Benefits From AMT Investments
Refers to the operational flexibility to alter production when demand varies from forecast. For example, if demand is strong, a company may profit from employees working overtime or from adding additional shifts.
Published in Chapter: Role of Human Resources, Production Process, and Flexibility on Commercial Benefits From AMT Investments; From: Optimizing Current Strategies and Applications in Industrial Engineering
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Chapter 9
Supply Chain Resilience
With regards to firms’ operations, it defines the ability to easily conform the manufacturing system to the variations in demand or supply, in order to constantly offer the quality and quantity of the products or services required by customers. Flexibility is considered as a method to build resilience, because it allows to easily move resources from one production to another in order to concentrate efforts on the priority manufacturing (concept linked to interchangeability) and to rapidly reconfigure products (concept linked to postponement).
Published in Chapter: Supply Chain Resilience; From: Handbook of Research on Global Supply Chain Management
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Chapter 9
The Value of Flexibility
The ability to adapt to expected and unexpected changes in the environment. In the context of this chapter, flexibility is quantifiable by the amount of changes introduced in a custom enterprise application over a given time period, as measured by its complexity.
Published in Chapter: The Value of Flexibility; From: Handbook of Research on Contemporary Theoretical Models in Information Systems
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Chapter 2
Background: Methodological and Contextual Aspects
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Chapter 7
Leadership 5.0 in Industry 4.0: Leadership in Perspective of Organizational Agility
Flexibility can be stated that a business adaptation its own structure and resources to change, to increase its market share, or to create new product and technology.
Published in Chapter: Leadership 5.0 in Industry 4.0: Leadership in Perspective of Organizational Agility; From: Managing Operations Throughout Global Supply Chains
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Chapter 27
The Relationship Between Performance Measures and Overall Performance in the Manufacturing Environment
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Chapter 150
The Open University of Catalonia as a Virtual University
In response to the different needs of the very diverse students.
Published in Chapter: The Open University of Catalonia as a Virtual University; From: Encyclopedia of Networked and Virtual Organizations
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Chapter 7
Andragogy and Pedagogy in Learning Theories
Flexibility is used figuratively, meaning to change easily in response to situations. In this article, it refers being able to move freely from the pedagogical model to the andragogical model and vice versa.
Published in Chapter: Andragogy and Pedagogy in Learning Theories; From: Encyclopedia of Human Resources Information Systems: Challenges in e-HRM
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Chapter 5
Agile Holonic Network Organizations
Capability to respond to known or expected, but bounded changes and uncertainties.
Published in Chapter: Agile Holonic Network Organizations; From: Encyclopedia of Networked and Virtual Organizations
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Chapter 7
Well-Being and Home Environments
The ability to adapt to changes.
Published in Chapter: Well-Being and Home Environments; From: Well-Being Design and Frameworks for Interior Space
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Chapter 13
Construction Information Map: Support for Sustainable Architecture Projects in Developing Countries – Angola Case Study
Use of standard size construction modules that can be easily adapted and modified to meet regional and cultural characteristics best.
Published in Chapter: Construction Information Map: Support for Sustainable Architecture Projects in Developing Countries – Angola Case Study; From: Handbook of Research on Methods and Tools for Assessing Cultural Landscape Adaptation
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Chapter 3
Leadership on Ethical Bases in the University Environment to Improve Standards in Higher Education
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Chapter 3
Knowledge-Based Work and Network Enterprise in Modern Egyptian Organizations: An Exploratory Study
A new pattern of work, which workers are not bound by the workplace, that is, work outside the organization, using information and communications technology.
Published in Chapter: Knowledge-Based Work and Network Enterprise in Modern Egyptian Organizations: An Exploratory Study; From: Handbook of Research on Creative Cities and Advanced Models for Knowledge-Based Urban Development
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Chapter 2
Communication Dynamics of Women in Microfinance Projects as a Model for Women Empowerment: Microfinance Projects for Poverty Alleviation in the Philippines
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Chapter 12
Flexibility of Work During the Pandemic: The Cases of Portugal and Greece
Implementation of atypical forms of work such as short-time, part-time and temporary work, as well as telework and home-office practices.
Published in Chapter: Flexibility of Work During the Pandemic: The Cases of Portugal and Greece; From: Developing Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Policies for Promoting Employee Sustainability and Well-Being
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Chapter 42
Distance Learning Specialists
The literal meaning of this word means the ability to adapt prearranged and prepared procedures to the circumstances. In distance education, learners are a heterogeneous group and possess different characteristics. Plus, these learners may have different learning styles. Most of distance-education learners are adult learners. According to the principles of andragogy, adult learners are normally self-directed learners. They are internally motivated learners. Their learning is usually contextual. However, this is not to say that instructors can only be learning facilitators. When adult learners are inexperienced with a subject matter, for example, computer science, instructors need to be knowledge dictators in order to help learners lay a solid foundation. When learners are self-directed, instructors can assume the role of learning facilitators.
Published in Chapter: Distance Learning Specialists; From: Encyclopedia of Information Technology Curriculum Integration
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Chapter 13
Gifted and Talented School Activities for Students With Special Educational Needs Through Drama Therapy
Be able to enlarge role repertoire, not to be engulfed or stuck on one or two roles and to be flexible in ability to move from one role to another.
Published in Chapter: Gifted and Talented School Activities for Students With Special Educational Needs Through Drama Therapy; From: Handbook of Research on Software for Gifted and Talented School Activities in K-12 Classrooms
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Chapter 18
Agents and Payment Systems in E-Commerce
The ease with which a system or component can be modified for use in applications or environments other than those for which it was specifically designed (IEEE, 1990 AU21: The in-text citation "IEEE, 1990" is not in the reference list. Please correct the citation, add the reference to the list, or delete the citation. ).
Published in Chapter: Agents and Payment Systems in E-Commerce; From: Encyclopedia of Information Science and Technology, Second Edition
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Chapter 2
Learning in Organizations: Pedagogy, Andragogy, and Technology
Flexibility is used figuratively, meaning to change easily in response to situations. In this chapter, it refers to being able to move freely from the pedagogical model to andragogical model and vice versa.
Published in Chapter: Learning in Organizations: Pedagogy, Andragogy, and Technology; From: Handbook of Research on Andragogical Leadership and Technology in a Modern World
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Chapter 11
Strategic Value Creation in a Supply Chain
Ability to efficiently and effectively accommodate to market changes.
Published in Chapter: Strategic Value Creation in a Supply Chain; From: Handbook of Research on Global Supply Chain Management
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Chapter 23
The Role of Flexible Working Arrangements in Reducing Technostress and Job Tension That Negatively Affect Service Innovation Behavior
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Chapter 12
Periodisation and Dance: Planning to Optimise Performance and Ensure the Health of Dancers
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Chapter 24
Pedagogy vs Andragogy Organizations
Flexibility is used figuratively, meaning to change easily in response to situations. In this article, it refers being able to move freely from pedagogical model to andragogical model and vice versa.
Published in Chapter: Pedagogy vs Andragogy Organizations; From: Handbook of Research on Education and Technology in a Changing Society
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Chapter 10
Remote Work Implementation as Organizational Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic
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Chapter 15
Experimentation With Competency-Based Education at the University of Phoenix
When used in regard to adult students in higher education, this term generally refers to variety in class times and student autonomy in choosing when to engage in coursework. Most commonly used in reference to asynchronous online course delivery which offers students the ability to complete coursework any time they choose (“24/7”) so long as they complete a lesson or course within a required timeframe.
Published in Chapter: Experimentation With Competency-Based Education at the University of Phoenix; From: Career Ready Education Through Experiential Learning
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Chapter 1
A Holistic Approach for Enterprise Agility
The ability to change to suit new conditions or situations.
Published in Chapter: A Holistic Approach for Enterprise Agility; From: Handbook of Research on Enterprise Systems
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Chapter 63
An Examination of Educators' and Learners' Experiences with Technology from Both Sides of the Learning Landscape: An Autoethnographic Exploration
The adaptability that comes from being able to use and to maneuver technology to maximize productivity as students, and in turn to harness the technology to the benefit of one’s own learners.
Published in Chapter: An Examination of Educators' and Learners' Experiences with Technology from Both Sides of the Learning Landscape: An Autoethnographic Exploration; From: Handbook of Research on Education and Technology in a Changing Society
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Chapter 41
Integrity Protection of Mobile Agent Data
Flexibility is the ease with which a system or component can be modified for use in applications or environments other than those for which it was specifically designed.
Published in Chapter: Integrity Protection of Mobile Agent Data; From: Handbook of Research on Public Information Technology
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Chapter 1
Future of Work Places: A Hybrid Approach
A situation an individual employee encounters during the course of work in the organisation due to which he cannot follow the normal working conditions, but the organisation supports by allowing short-term changes to adjust and deal with the situation to continue with the tasks.
Published in Chapter: Future of Work Places: A Hybrid Approach; From: Handbook of Research on Challenges for Human Resource Management in the COVID-19 Era
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Chapter 2
Trends in Management of TI Projects and CEO Competence
Ability to adapt easily to different circumstances or to accommodate standards to different situations or needs.
Published in Chapter: Trends in Management of TI Projects and CEO Competence; From: Handbook of Research on Project Management Strategies and Tools for Organizational Success
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Chapter 16
Informed Governance: The Objective Definition Model
Capability of identifying multiple ways to succeed and moving seamlessly between them.
Published in Chapter: Informed Governance: The Objective Definition Model; From: Handbook of Research on Information Architecture and Management in Modern Organizations
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Chapter 8
Issues of Health-Related Physical Fitness of the Adult Learner
This is the ability of the joint to move freely around its axis without causing any crack in the joint.
Published in Chapter: Issues of Health-Related Physical Fitness of the Adult Learner; From: Handbook of Research on Adult Learning in Higher Education
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Chapter 1
A Survey on Swarm Robotics
A swarm with high flexibility can deal with different tasks with the same hardware and minor changes in the software, as nature swarms can finish various tasks in the same swarm.
Published in Chapter: A Survey on Swarm Robotics; From: Handbook of Research on Design, Control, and Modeling of Swarm Robotics
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Chapter 23
A Distributed Framework and Consensus Middle-Ware for Human Swarm Interaction
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Chapter 4
Adapted Physical Education in the Special Education Process
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Chapter 13
Virtual Course of Accessibility of the Tecnológico Nacional de México and IT Aguascalientes: Analysis and Improvement Proposal
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Chapter 5
Managing Contradictory Tensions in Agile Distributed Development: An Ambidextrous Approach
Ability of the software team to continuously update the software artifact and deliver functionality.
Published in Chapter: Managing Contradictory Tensions in Agile Distributed Development: An Ambidextrous Approach; From: Balancing Agile and Disciplined Engineering and Management Approaches for IT Services and Software Products
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Chapter 5
The Impact of Irregular Schedules on Worker Lives: Theoretical Considerations and Implications for Practice
Working time management strategy provided by the organization that allows the worker to decide certain aspects of his/her work schedule (e.g. start time).
Published in Chapter: The Impact of Irregular Schedules on Worker Lives: Theoretical Considerations and Implications for Practice; From: Developing Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Policies for Promoting Employee Sustainability and Well-Being
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Chapter 14
Theoretical-Practical Principles for the Design of Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) Applied to Continuous Teacher Education
Autonomy of course participants to define their study routine according to their learning needs.
Published in Chapter: Theoretical-Practical Principles for the Design of Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) Applied to Continuous Teacher Education; From: Impact of Digital Transformation in Teacher Training Models
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Chapter 10
FOSCE: A Scale Measuring Equanimity Defined on the Tenets of Swadharma and Its Role in Contributing to Workplace Spirituality
Is having the awareness of transitory nature of momentary experiences which contribute to a dispositional perspective change in relation to one’s thoughts ( Desbordes et al., 2015 ).
Published in Chapter: FOSCE: A Scale Measuring Equanimity Defined on the Tenets of Swadharma and Its Role in Contributing to Workplace Spirituality; From: Handbook of Research on Integrating Spirituality in Modern Workplaces
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Chapter 13
Learning Disabilities: Preparing Students for Higher Education Through Guidance in Inclusive and Diverse Backgrounds
The classroom's flexible seating is set up to provide a range of alternatives. The location of wherever students work on their current projects is up to them. Depending on their mood or the project they are working on, students may select a location ( Wright, 2018 ). The dimensions that outline the parameters under which flexibility is possible are the ability to adapt in four different ways: time, space, range, and intention. Efficiency, reactivity, variety, and robustness are some characteristics that gauge how flexible something is ( Golden & Powell, 2000 ).
Published in Chapter: Learning Disabilities: Preparing Students for Higher Education Through Guidance in Inclusive and Diverse Backgrounds; From: Closing the Educational Achievement Gap for Students With Learning Disabilities
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Chapter 13
A Structural Equation Modelling Approach to Develop a Resilient Supply Chain Strategy for the COVID-19 Disruptions
The ability to respond to short-term changes in the market or supply in supply chains is meant to refer to as flexibility. other exterior interruptions, as well as adjusting to strategic and operational shifts in the surroundings about the supply chain
Published in Chapter: A Structural Equation Modelling Approach to Develop a Resilient Supply Chain Strategy for the COVID-19 Disruptions; From: Handbook of Research on Supply Chain Resiliency, Efficiency, and Visibility in the Post-Pandemic Era
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Chapter 15
Factors Influencing Virtual Learning System Usage in Higher Education
A non-functional characteristic that refers to seamless integration or links to other systems, as well as the ability to import content from and supply content to digital libraries and other e-Learning systems.
Published in Chapter: Factors Influencing Virtual Learning System Usage in Higher Education; From: ICT-Based Assessment, Methods, and Programs in Tertiary Education
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Chapter 5
Digital Educational Games: A Resource to Promote Education 5.0?
Refers to the ability to adapt, adjust, or change easily and willingly in response to new or changing circumstances.
Published in Chapter: Digital Educational Games: A Resource to Promote Education 5.0?; From: Internet of Behaviors Implementation in Organizational Contexts
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Chapter 2
Ambidextrous Leadership for SMEs in the COVID-19 Era
A swift responsiveness to the changes in the external business environment and align business strategies, structure, culture and developing capabilities to meet expectations.
Published in Chapter: Ambidextrous Leadership for SMEs in the COVID-19 Era; From: Handbook of Research on Sustaining SMEs and Entrepreneurial Innovation in the Post-COVID-19 Era
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Chapter 2
Characteristics of a Teacherpreneur
Ability to adapt readily to unusual situations and easily maneuver between teaching methods in order to produce successful outcomes. Unlike many teachers, teacherpreneurs are not resistant to innovative methods or ideas; instead, they embrace them in order to add to their educational toolbox.
Published in Chapter: Characteristics of a Teacherpreneur; From: Enhancing Teaching and Leadership Initiatives With Teacherpreneurs: Emerging Research and Opportunities
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Chapter 8
Designing Work-Based Learning Approaches for Gen Y, Gen Z, and Beyond
Engagement that can adapt to wider social and economic realities.
Published in Chapter: Designing Work-Based Learning Approaches for Gen Y, Gen Z, and Beyond; From: Applications of Work Integrated Learning Among Gen Z and Y Students
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Chapter 9
Adaptive Exception Management in Uncertain Environments
the ability to reconfigure a process given new demands and constraints. This is done by a designer/expert
Published in Chapter: Adaptive Exception Management in Uncertain Environments; From: Handbook of Research on Complex Dynamic Process Management: Techniques for Adaptability in Turbulent Environments
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