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What is Image Coding

Encyclopedia of Information Science and Technology, Second Edition
A process for representing an image with some other representations in view of reducing data for storage and/or transmission of this image.
Published in Chapter:
A Study of Image Engineering
Yu-Jin Zhang (Tsinghua University, Beijing, China)
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-60566-026-4.ch575
Abstract
Images are an important medium from which human beings observe the majority of the information they received from the real world. In its general sense, the word “image” could include all entities that can be visualized, such as a still image, video, animation, graphics, charts, drawings, even also text, and so forth. Nowadays, “image” rather than “picture” is used because computers store numerical images of a picture or scene. Image techniques, which are expanding over wider and wider application areas, have attracted more and more attention in recent years. Image engineering (IE), an integrated discipline/subject comprising the study of all the different branches of image techniques, is evolving quickly. From 1969 to 2000, a well-known bibliography series had been developed to offer a convenient compendium of the research in picture processing until 1986, as well as in image processing and computer vision after 1986. This series has been ended in 2000 by the author after a total of 30 survey papers were published (Rosenfeld, 2000a). Some limitations of this series for the termination are (Zhang, 2002b): 1. No attempt is made to summarize the cited references for each year. 2. No attempt is made to analyze the distributions of the selected references from various sources. 3. No attempt is made to provide statistics about the classified references in each group. Another survey series, but on IE, has been started since 1996 (Zhang, 1996a, 1996b, 1996c, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000a, 2001a, 2002a, 2003, 2004, 2005). The purpose of this survey work is mainly to capture the up-to-date development of IE, to make available a convenient means of literature searching facility for readers working in related areas, and to supply a useful reference for the editors of journals and potential authors of papers. This new series overcame the weakness of the earlier mentioned one by summarizing the cited references for each year, analyzing the distributions of the selected references from various sources, and providing various statistics about the classified references in each group. This new survey series has already made consecutively for ten years. This article will present an overview of this survey series by showing the idea behind and consideration on this work as well as the comprehensive statistics obtained from this work.
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