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What is Information technology (IT)

Handbook of Research on ICTs and Management Systems for Improving Efficiency in Healthcare and Social Care
Any computer-based tool that users use to work with information and support the information needs of an organization.
Published in Chapter:
A Preliminary Study of Key Factors Affecting Management and Evaluation of IT Outsourcing Contracts in Hospitals
Chad Lin (Curtin University, Australia), Yu-An Huang (National Chi Nan University, Taiwan), Chien-Fa Li (Puli Veterans Hospital, Taiwan), Geoffrey Jalleh (Curtin University, Australia), and Ying-Chieh Liu (Chaoyang University of Technology, Taiwan)
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-4666-3990-4.ch058
Abstract
Many hospitals are experiencing pressure to improve their operational efficiency and patient safety due to escalating costs and increased competition. In order to achieve these and other business objectives, hospitals have to outsource some of their Information Technology (IT) functions to external outsourcing contractors. The scope and range of IT-related outsourcing services are also increasing, as evidenced by the promotion of Applications Service Providers (ASP), Business-to-Business (B2B) integration, cloud-drive business and IT services, desktop and helpdesk, IT infrastructure services, and software development outsourcing. However, little attention has been paid by many hospitals to the key factors that affect their IT outsourcing decision-making and negotiation processes. This is important given that the IT outsourcing can play a key role in organizational success. Moreover, contract decision-making and negotiation processes in hospitals are particularly under-studied, especially in the management and evaluation of the IT outsourcing contracts. Hence, the main objectives of this chapter are to: (1) examine and identify some key factors affecting the management and evaluation of IT outsourcing contracts in Taiwanese hospitals; and (2) propose a set of recommendations to overcome or minimize the key issues identified in this study. One contribution of the study is the recommendations provided to deal with issues that are critical in the management and evaluation of IT outsourcing contracts in hospitals.
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A Preliminary Study of Key Factors Affecting Management and Evaluation of IT Outsourcing Contracts in Hospitals
Any computer-based tool that users use to work with information and support the information needs of an organization.
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The Role of Big Data and Business Analytics in Decision Making
Set of tools, processes, and methodologies (such as coding/programming, data communications, data conversion, storage and retrieval, systems analysis and design, systems control) and associated equipment employed to collect, process, and present information. In broad terms, IT also includes office automation, multimedia, and telecommunications. It refers to anything related to computing technology, such as networking, hardware, software, the Internet, or the people that work with these technologies. Many companies now have IT departments for managing the computers, networks, and other technical areas of their businesses. IT jobs include computer programming, network administration, computer engineering, Web development, technical support, and many other related occupations. Since we live in the “information age,” information technology has become a part of our everyday lives.
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Supply Chain Integration in Construction Industry
The set of hardware, software and, in general, other information processing technologies used by (electronic) information systems.
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Linking Information Technology, Knowledge Management, and Strategic Experimentation
The physical equipment (hardware), software, and telecommunications technology, including data, image, and voice networks, employed to support business processes.
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Organization Innovation and Its Implications for the Implementation of Information Systems
Meets the organization in the process, extending over the life cycle of the innovation. It is this extended meeting over time that creates the innovation design dilemma.
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Big Data Analytics for Market Intelligence
is the use of computers to create, process, store, retrieve and exchange all kinds of data and information. IT forms part of information and communications technology (ICT).
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Security Policies and Procedures
The technology that supports access, processing, and dissemination of data (information).
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Information System Projects for Higher Education Management: Challenges for Latin American Universities
Is the application of computers to store, retrieve, transmit, and manipulate data, or information, often in the context of a business or other enterprise. IT is considered to be a subset of information and communications technology (ICT).
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Business Intelligence, Knowledge Management, and Customer Relationship Management Technological Support in Enterprise Competitive Competence
IT is the application of computers, networking, software programming, and other equipment and processes to store, process, retrieve, transmit, and protect information.
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Inequality in Pay Ranks Among Factors Impacting Job Satisfaction Among Female Physicians
The use of systems (especially computers and telecommunications) for storing, retrieving, and sending information. This system includes electronic health records.
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Computing Curriculum Analysis and Development
Uses existing commercial software applications to solve organizational problems. Sometimes refer to as information systems. It is also the umbrella term for all the disciplines involved with the computer.
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Nigerian Undergraduate Students' Computer Competencies and Use of Information Technology Tools and Resources for Study Skills and Habits' Enhancement
IT is a broad term which covers all the aspects of the uses of computer technology which includes not only hardware and software, but also communication technology; linking computer systems, software engineering, administration and supporting the infrastructure to manage and deliver information ( David, 2006 ).
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Only One Evolving Strategy
Collection of all systems in an organization.
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The Main Principles of Democracy and Its Role in Global Development
The techniques for storing, retrieving, and disseminating through computerization of the internet recorded data and research knowledge.
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Entrepreneurial Intent and Opportunities Linkage for the Sustainable Tourism Sector
The umbrella term that encompasses the entire field of computer based information processing: computer equipment, applications, and services, telecommunication links and networks, digital databases, and the integrated technical specifications that enable these systems to function interactively. IT is study or use of systems (especially computers and telecommunications) for storing, retrieving, and sending information.
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Influence of Information Systems and Technology on Hospitality Business Performance in Albania
A tool intended to generate value, whether productivity enhancement, cost reduction, competitive advantage, improved supplier relationships, etc.
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Theory of Planned Behavior and Reasoned Action in Predicting Technology Adoption Behavior
IT can be defined as the use of modern computer-based technology in managing and processing information in different public and private sectors.
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Main Characters of Globalization in the 21st Century
The techniques for storing, retrieving, and disseminating through computerization of the internet recorded data and research knowledge.
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Sustainable Fourth Industrial Revolution
Information technology falls under the IS umbrella but deals with the technology involved in the systems themselves. Information technology can be defined as the study, design, implementation, support, or management of computer-based information systems.
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Impact of B2B E-Commerce and Supply Chain Investments in Hospitals
Any computer-based tool that users use to work with information and support the information needs of an organization.
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Health Information Technology and Business Process Reengineering
The processing of data by the use of a computer; the use of technologies electronically from computing, telecommunications.
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Virtual Organization
The crucial component of a modern virtual organization. Without advances in technology, many of the realities of today’s virtual companies would be merely science fiction. These components include the Internet, LAN and WAN networks for business, e-mail and online chat/bulletin boards, and real-time videoconferencing. These technologies allow smaller workgroups as part of a larger company to operate independently of each other, across a room or the globe.
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Using Information Technology to Spread Awareness about Communicable Diseases
IT (information technology) is a term that encompasses all forms of technology used to create, store, exchange, and use information in its various forms (business data, voice conversations, still images, motion pictures, multimedia presentations, and other forms, including those not yet conceived).
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New Paradigms: A Collaborative Web Based Research Tool
As defined by the Information Technology Association of America, IT is “the study, design, development, implementation, support or management of computer-based information systems, particularly software applications and computer hardware.”
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An Intranet within a Knowledge Management Strategy
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Innovative Thinking in Software Development
Computer hardware and software, as well as the peripheral devices closely associated with computer-based systems that facilitate data processing tasks, such as capturing, transmitting, storing, retrieving, manipulating or displaying data. IT includes matters concerned with design, development, and implementation of information systems and applications.
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Examining the Evolution of E-Government Development of Nations Through Machine Learning Techniques
IT refers to all technologies such as hardware, software, networks, and data storage and management systems that have the capability to process, store, or disseminate data.
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Strategic Outlook for Big Data Management
The umbrella term that encompasses the entire field of computer-based information processing: computer equipment, applications, and services, telecommunication links and networks, digital databases, and the integrated technical specifications that enable these systems to function interactively. IT is study or use of systems (especially computers and telecommunications) for storing, retrieving, and sending information.
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Implementing Enterprise Resource Planning
Set of tools, processes, and associated equipment employed to collect, process, and present information.
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Information Technology Among U.S. Local Governments
computers hardware, and associated software, processes, and procedures, etc.
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Ontology and Expertise Map Building in Virtual Organizations
An ontology is the working model of entities and interactions in some particular domain of knowledge or practice (http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition).
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Sales Force Appraisal System: Integration and Automation
Application of computer hardware and software to help business to perform effectively and efficiently.
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A Federative Approach of Decision-Making Aid in Urban Development
Refers to the techniques around computer science and telecommunication
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Micro Lessons Approach in Management Education to Develop Graduate Attributes
The umbrella term that encompasses the entire field of computer-based information processing: computer equipment, applications, and services, telecommunication links and networks, digital databases, and the integrated technical specifications that enable these systems to function interactively. It is the study or use of systems (especially computers and telecommunications) for storing, retrieving, and sending information.
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IT-Enabled Reengineering: Productivity Impacts
A very broad term that refers to the products, services, methods, inventions, and standards that are collectively used for producing, storing, and disseminating information. Most of the time, the term is used in its more restrictive form to describe only the tangible infrastructure comprising hardware and software.
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The Adoption of IS/IT Evaluation Methodologies in Australian Public Sector Organizations
Any computer-based tool used to work with information and support the information needs of an organization.
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Key Adoption Challenges and Issues of B2B E-Commerce in the Healthcare Sector
Any computer-based tool that users use to work with information and support the information needs of an organization.
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Understanding Cloud Computing in a Higher Education Context
The application of computers to store, retrieve, transmit and manipulate data.
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E-HRM Challenges and Opportunities
Term that encompasses all forms of technology used to create, store, exchange, and use information its various forms (business data, voice conversations, still images, motion pictures, multimedia presentations, and other forms, including those not yet conceived). It’s a convenient term for including both telephony and computer technology in the same word. It is the technology that is driving what has often been called “the information revolution.”
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Implementation of ERP in Human Resource Management
The collection of technologies that deal specifically with processing, storing, and communicating information, including all types of computer and communications systems as well as reprographics methodologies.
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That's So Last Season!: An Exploratory Study on Information Technology as Fashion
Computer based tools and devices that support information and information processing needs of individual users or organizations.
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Knowledge Management for Business Sustainability
The umbrella term that encompasses the entire field of computer-based information processing: computer equipment, applications, and services, telecommunication links and networks, digital databases, and the integrated technical specifications that enable these systems to function interactively. IT is study or use of systems (especially computers and telecommunications) for storing, retrieving, and sending information.
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Accessibility of Technology in Higher Education
“A term that encompasses all forms of technology used to create, store, exchange, and use information in its various forms (business data, voice conversations, still images, motion pictures, multimedia presentations, and other forms, including those not yet conceived). It’s (sic) a convenient term for including both telephony and computer technology in the same word” (http://www.whatis.com).
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Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Managerial Accounting Systems
This term is related to the use of the computer science for store, process, analyze, create and share all form of business information. Information Technology was coined for the first time by the Harvard Business Review, for distinguishing the simple computer machine to the machine that can support the decision-making processes.
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Strategy for ICT Adoption in SMEs
The umbrella term that encompasses the entire field of computer-based information processing: computer equipment, applications, and services, telecommunication links and networks, digital databases, and the integrated technical specifications that enable these systems to function interactively. IT is study or use of systems (especially computers and telecommunications) for storing, retrieving, and sending information.
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Information and IT in Small and Medium Enterprises
Encompasses the software, computer hardware and telecommunications equipment required to capture, store, retrieve, manipulate and transmit data.
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Socio-Cultural Interpretations to the Diffusion and Use of Broadband Services in a Korean Digital Society
Compared to the labor-led technologies and industries, information technology usually includes semiconductors, computers, and telecommunications, although some economists like to use the term “knowledge-based industry” in order to explain IT.
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Optimizing Knowledge Management During Crises
Systems, usually digital in nature, for storing and retrieving information.
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Blockchain Implications and Utility for Higher Education
The umbrella term that encompasses the entire field of computer-based information processing: computer equipment, applications, and services, telecommunication links and networks, digital databases, and the integrated technical specifications that enable these systems to function interactively. IT is study or use of systems (especially computers and telecommunications) for storing, retrieving, and sending information.
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Why Is Data So Hard?: Challenges, Solutions, and Future Directions
This office is responsible for technology in any institution. This group generally supports all things technology related and is sometimes referred to as Central IT.
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The Policy of Uses of ICTs in Developing Countries: The Case of Tunisia
Refers to anything related to computing technology, such as networking, hardware, software, the internet or the people that work with these technologies. IT jobs include computer programming, network administration, computer engineering, web development, technical support, and many other related occupations. Since we live in the “information age”, information technology has become a part of our everyday lives.
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ICT Adoption Cordons in SMEs for Competitive Advantage
The umbrella term that encompasses the entire field of computer-based information processing: computer equipment, applications, and services, telecommunication links and networks, digital databases, and the integrated technical specifications that enable these systems to function interactively. IT is study or use of systems (especially computers and telecommunications) for storing, retrieving, and sending information.
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