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What is Operant Conditioning

Chapter 20
Handbook of Research on Entrepreneurship and Organizational Resilience During Unprecedented Times
The method of learning that examines rewards and punishment as variants to controlling behavior.
Published in Chapter:
The Cohesive Factors in Building Resilience and Team Dynamism in a Turbulent Era: Team Motivation and the Organizationally Resilient
Rodney James Luster (University of Phoenix, USA), Elvire Daniels (University of Phoenix, USA), Stephen More (University of Phoenix, USA), and Alana Morales (University of Phoenix, USA)
Copyright: © 2023 |Pages: 19
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-6684-4605-8.ch020
Abstract
The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on industry have also tested leaders and their organizations to explore the potentials of sustainability amidst such impacting conditions. Amidst this flurry of responsivity, a focus on protecting human capital and building resilience has emerged as a primary linchpin for continuity. Exploring the dynamics of authentic leaders and their processes for team development, alongside the pivotal role of teams in “knowledge organizations,” current effective business practices may provide insight into resilience-building for many more organizations. The focus of this contributive chapter is to examine organizational leadership and its important role in defining enhanced employee resilience practices during a turbulent era, with a closer look at the “cohesive factors” of durability and resilience as determinants of high-functioning teams and organizations.
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Chapter 175
Neural Control System for Autonomous Vehicles
The term “Operant” refers to how an organism operates on the environment, and hence, operant conditioning comes from how we respond to what is presented to us in our environment. Then the operant conditioning is a form of associative learning through which an animal learns about the consequences of its behaviour.
Published in Chapter: Neural Control System for Autonomous Vehicles; From: Encyclopedia of Artificial Intelligence
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Chapter 23
Behaviorism and Developments in Instructional Design and Technology
Skinner contributed much to the study of operant conditioning, which is a change in the probability of a response due to an event that followed the initial response. The theory of Skinner is based on the idea that learning is a function of change in behavior. When a particular S-R pattern is reinforced (rewarded), the individual is conditioned to respond. Changes in behavior are the result of an individual’s response to events (stimuli) that occur in the environment. Principles and Mechanisms of Skinner’s Operant Conditioning include: Positive Reinforcement or Reward, Negative Reinforcement, Punishment, and Extinction or Nonreinforcement.
Published in Chapter: Behaviorism and Developments in Instructional Design and Technology; From: Encyclopedia of Distance Learning, Second Edition
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Chapter 15
Applied Behavior Analysis as a Teaching Technology
A type of learning that occurs through the consistent application of a set of consequences in relation to antecedent stimuli. This is done using the principles of behavior: positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, positive punishment and negative punishment.
Published in Chapter: Applied Behavior Analysis as a Teaching Technology; From: Handbook of Research on Human Development in the Digital Age
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Chapter 11
Application of Bio-Feedback in Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Also called instrumental conditioning is a method of learning that occurs through rewards and punishments for behavior.
Published in Chapter: Application of Bio-Feedback in Neurodevelopmental Disorders; From: Emerging Trends in the Diagnosis and Intervention of Neurodevelopmental Disorders
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Chapter 239
Classic Programmed Instruction Design and Theory
Learning through immediate positive feedback (reinforcement) regarding the correctness of an answer; the student learns to respond in a particular way to a particular question or issue (stimulus). Fading can be used by gradually reducing stimulus cues in subsequent frames when material is repeated.
Published in Chapter: Classic Programmed Instruction Design and Theory; From: Encyclopedia of Information Science and Technology, Third Edition
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Chapter 118
Contemporary Instructional Design
Learning through immediate positive feedback (reinforcement) regarding the correctness of an answer; the student learns to respond in a particular way to a particular question or issue (stimulus). Fading can be used by gradually reducing stimulus cues in subsequent frames when material is repeated.
Published in Chapter: Contemporary Instructional Design; From: Encyclopedia of Information Science and Technology, Second Edition
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Chapter 28
Game-Based Learning: Current Research in Games for Health, a Focus on Biofeedback Video Games as Treatment for AD/HD
It is the likelihood of whether a specific behaviour is increased or decreased through positive or negative reinforcement. The behaviour becomes associated with the pleasure or displeasure of the reinforcement.
Published in Chapter: Game-Based Learning: Current Research in Games for Health, a Focus on Biofeedback Video Games as Treatment for AD/HD; From: Handbook of Research on Improving Learning and Motivation through Educational Games: Multidisciplinary Approaches
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