They are the nodes, where the information so collected, of a particular node is sent.
Published in Chapter:
Underwater Localization Techniques
Manisha Bharti (National Institute of Technology, Delhi, India) and Poonam Rani Verma (National Institute of Technology, Delhi, India)
Copyright: © 2021
|Pages: 22
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-3640-7.ch004
Abstract
Underwater acoustic communication uses sound waves to trans-receive information, diving deep inside water, environment scanning, undersea explorations, disaster prevention, etc. In this chapter, an attempt has been made to cover stationary and mobile localization algorithm. They are further subdivided into distributed and centralized. Each one is further subcategorized into estimation-based and prediction-based schemes. The category therefore extends on the basis of ranging method, communication, and synchronization, some of which are area localization, sensor-based localization, forming a sensor array, motion-aware self-localization, silent localization. Each one will be discussed in detail in this chapter. At last, hybrid technique is also discussed, which combines stationary and mobile techniques. The discussion includes various nodes including anchor node, unknown node, sink node, and reference node. Various methods to follow the techniques are also discussed, which include anchor-based method, ranging method, and message communication.