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What is Symbolic AI

Chapter 277
Encyclopedia of Information Science and Technology, Second Edition
Is an approach to AI based on the manipulation of knowledge represented in language-like (symbolic) structures in which all relevant semantics (meaning) is explicit in the syntax (formal structure). The language-of-thought hypothesis provides part of the justification of the sufficiency of the symbolic approach to AI.
Published in Chapter:
History of Artificial Intelligence Before Computers
Bruce MacLennan (University of Tennessee, USA)
Copyright: © 2009 |Pages: 6
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-60566-026-4.ch277
Abstract
The history of artificial intelligence (AI) is commonly supposed to begin with Turing’s (1950) discussions of machine intelligence, and to have been defined as a field at the 1956 Dartmouth Summer Research Project on Artificial Intelligence. However, the ideas on which AI is based, and in particular those on which symbolic AI (see below) is based, have a very long history in the Western intellectual tradition, dating back to ancient Greece (see also McCorduck, 2004). It is important for modern researchers to understand this history for it reflects problematic assumptions about the nature of knowledge and cognition: assumptions that can impede the progress of AI if accepted uncritically.
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