What is Technology

Innovative discoveries which meet students’ needs and demands; they improve, change, and facilitate students’ lives.

Techniques, skills, tools, and services essential in online teaching-learning.

The advanced tool and system that can make users feel comfortable.

The scientific method and material used to achieve a commercial or industrial objective.

The branch of knowledge that deals with the creation and use of technical means and their interrelation with life, society, and the environment.

The use of scientific knowledge to solve practical problems, especially in industry and commerce.

The application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes, especially in industry.

In this study, “technology” refers to digital tools that can be used for educational purposes.

Is the application of knowledge for practical ends and it refers to practical application of science to commerce or industry. It is the discipline dealing with the art or science of applying scientific knowledge to practical problems.

It describes communication, information and technological tools used to enhance learning, teaching, and assessment.

A collection of tools, including machinery, modifications, arrangements and procedures used by humans. In the context of this chapter, technology refers specifically to digital technology, which includes computers, software applications, and Internet technologies.

Complex and multifaceted term that can take various contours depending on the disciplinary area in which it is studied. Etymologically the word comes from Greek and includes téchne (art or craft) and logia (study of something). In general, and in the context of the article, technology is assumed as a set of digital tools that could be used to mediate the work of teachers and students and help the realization of teaching-learning activities.

Class of tools used in a project.

Despite its cultural pervasiveness, technology is an elusive concept. It can refer to material objects, such as machines, hardware or utensils, but it can also encompass broader themes, such as systems, methods of organization, and techniques. It is an ever-evolving body of knowledge that both shapes and is shaped by societies. The proliferation of new technologies, such as computers, has left some people believing that technology is a determinant force in society, or in other words, that it is an autonomous agent that drives change. It would be more appropriate to discard this reductionist approach, and regard technology as one component of a multi-faceted cultural matrix, which includes social, political, historical, and economic factors that work together to spawn change. The word technology originates in the Greek words technologia (te???????a), techne (t????, which means “craft”), and logia (????a, which is “saying” or “ordering”, in the sense of arranging).

An industrial or a scientific process that makes life easier.

The practical application of different fields of knowledge such as science, engineering, and tools or equipment to form improved methods of accomplishing a task in a particular area of content.

Technology is machinery and equipment that uses the application of scientific knowledge in a particular area for practical purposes, using technical processes, methods, or knowledge with, a function, purpose, or benefit, to improve human life.

The use of scientific knowledge to solve practical problems, especially in industry and commerce.

It is the application of scientific knowledge and its interrelation with people, the environment, and society in general.

It refers to computers or other electronic equipment that connects or interacts with computers or other electronic equipment e.g., LCD projector, interactive whiteboard, digital camera, tablet, smartphone, student response system, et cetera). Technology also encompasses networks (e.g., Internet, LAN (local area network)) and computer software or applications.

Devices designed based on the scientific knowledge to increase efficiency, productivity, collaboration, and entertainment.

It is the whole of all theoretical and practical knowledge and skills used in creating products and services as well as in their production and distribution processes.

The branch of knowledge that deals with the creation and use of technical means.

The application of scientific advances usually involving electronic advances.

Different forms of hardware and software resources that are implemented towards the application of knowledge and useful information.

The use of scientific knowledge to solve practical problems, especially in industry and commerce.

Includes two components: a product—a tool that embodies the technology, and a process—the information base of technology.

A broad term that encompasses all of the tools, machines, and systems that humans use to interact with the world around them. In the 21st century, technology has become an increasingly important part of daily life, with advances in areas like artificial intelligence, robotics.

Any modification of the natural world done to fulfill human needs or desires.

Any device or tool or application that is used to complete a task, retrieve information, or create a product.

Scientific knowledge application to meet practical purposes of both of the humans and the industry.

These are methods, systems, and devices which are the result of scientific knowledge being used to aid business operations and to propel the growth and development of business entities.

Any device, software, or equipment that helps people learn, communicate, or function better.

Is a tool or application used to support the completion of various online tasks from communicating at a distance, designing a plan for a learning experience, developing an online module prototype, and delivering instruction online.

A strictly determined sequence of operations that guarantees a desirable result. The base of technology is an algorithm of the sequence of operations that can strictly predict a final result.

Set of theories and techniques that allow the practical use of scientific knowledge.

Skills, methods and processes used in the production of goods or services.

Is the knowledge and ability to make or produce auxiliary tools and tools appropriate to the needs of people.

Is the set of skills, methods or processes used for the design and construction of machines or services to satisfy human needs.

Uses physical principles and scientific laws to realize technical functions.

Refers to digital and information technology that involves the use of electronic devices to access a cyberworld.

Is the sum of techniques, skills, methods, and processes used in the production of goods or services or in the accomplishment of objectives, such as scientific investigation.

The process by which an organization transforms labor, capital, materials, and information into products and services.

The application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes.

The use of material and non-material techniques and processes to practically address people’s needs, wants and problems by manipulating environment.

Technology can be defined narrowly or broadly. Narrowly defined, technology is seen as a tool, such as a computer. More broadly defined, technology includes not only tools, but the skills and knowledge needed to effectively use the tool. The broadest definition of technology includes tools, skills and knowledge, and the larger systems needed to conceptualize, develop, use, and refine the tools.

Technology encompasses the application of scientific knowledge, tools, techniques, and systems to solve problems, accomplish tasks, or achieve specific objectives. It comprises a wide range of tangible and intangible resources, including machinery, devices, software, processes, and methodologies, which enable the creation, manipulation, and transmission of information or the transformation of materials. Technology plays a fundamental role in facilitating human activities, improving efficiency, expanding capabilities, and driving progress across various domains, such as communication, transportation, healthcare, manufacturing, and entertainment. Embracing and innovating with technology are essential for addressing contemporary challenges, advancing society, and shaping the future.

It is a tool that assists the learning process with mechanical manipulations of contents. It is effective in terms of saving time, clarity of contents, simulations, and speedy communication.

(For the purposes of this chapter) machinery and equipment developed from scientific knowledge.

Tools, systems, methods designed to support, enhance and/or advance an objective.

The materials, processes, or tools used to solve problems.

It is the field of knowledge that is used in every field from economy to education by making human life easier, bringing the distances closer.

Emerging and digital tools that enhance and facilitate everyday activities of people.

Application system mechanisms, including the computerized tools of software and hardware systems, inclusive of the Internet that increase efficiency and knowledge.

It refers to the use of knowledge to achieve practical goals in a repeatable manner. It also refers to the products of such efforts, which might include both real things like utensils or machinery and intangible ones like software.

It is the collection of techniques, skills, methods as well as the processes which are used in the production of goods or services or in the accomplishment of objectives, such as scientific investigation. Technology term and concept can also be the knowledge of techniques, processes.

Technology is the application of scientific knowledge to the practical aims of human life or, as it is sometimes phrased, to the change and manipulation of the human environment.

A sum of techniques, skills, methods, and processes used in the production of goods or services or in the accomplishment of objectives.

Resources that include method of delivery of information (Internet or web based services) and the mechanized instruments available to access Internet or web based information.

Is the knowledge and ability to make or produce auxiliary tools and tools appropriate to the needs of people.

It denotes a set of application in techniques and knowledge for achieving specifical goals in a reproductive way.

All the knowledge and the skills required in the production of technical tools and materials.

It is a concept including tools that are used to find, create, learn, analyze, and present information.

The hardware and software, used to store, process, and output knowledge.

The method used to make individuals comfortable.

(the study and knowledge of) The practical, especially industrial, use of scientific discoveries.

Devices and software that people operate in their homes and professions.

All tools and the knowledge related to them that is developed by man to control and transform his material environment.

The process of applying scientific knowledge for a practical purpose.

Tools or systems that provide support for some human activity.

Tools such as computers, mobile devices, and the Internet.

It is the sum of any techniques, skills, methods, and processes used in the production of goods or services or in the accomplishment of objectives, such as scientific investigation.

Skills, methods, and processes used in the production of goods or services.

Is defined as the practical application of knowledge especially in a particular area in order to solve problems.

The application of knowledge that involves the interrelationship of science to society.

Any tool or process for accomplishing a goal.

Application of scientific knowledge to solve challenges of humanity.

The application of scientific advances usually involving electronic advances.

Any digital device.

The tools and machines that help humans accomplish tasks.

An array of tools, such as computers and mobile devices, which we use to enhance our personal and professional lives.

A tool for investigating and discovering the solution for a problem.

Machinery and equipment developed from the application of scientific knowledge.

The equipment necessary to facilitate access and learning in education.

Tools or artifacts that are an expression, much like art, architecture, music, and literature, of the culture developing it.

The branch of knowledge that deals with the utilization of technical perspectives.

Application of scientific knowledge, tools, and techniques to solve practical problems, improve processes, and enhance human capabilities, driving innovation and progress.

the application of scientific advances usually involving electronic advances.

Materials, objects and equipment of use to humanity, such as machines or hardware and also systems, methods of organization, and techniques.

Tools, machines, instruments, equipment that people use to solve problems, and achieve goals; can be seen (1) as pieces of the infrastructure within physical environments, (2) as tools that learners use in a makerspace to acquire digital literacies and (3) as catalysts for encouraging engagement and supporting learning.

Within a society, the application of knowledge and the use of tools, process, and/or skills in a manner to resolve problems.

This refers to the application of scientific knowledge to solve practical problems.

A wide variety of pre-electronic and electronic tools (e.g., disposable camera, tape recorder, adaptive devices, digital camera/recorder computer, hardware, software, etc.) that enable individuals to enhance and extend their environment.

The branch of knowledge that deals with the creation and use of technical means and their interrelation with life, society, and the environment, drawing upon such subjects as industrial arts, engineering, applied science, and pure science; method for convening resources into goods and services.

The application of knowledge to generate a solution to a problem.

The branch of knowledge that deals with the creation and use of technical means and their interrelation with life, society and the environment.

The term is a product of science and engineering that involves a set of instruments, methods and techniques aimed at solving problems. It is the practical application of scientific knowledge in various areas of research.

The scientific method and material used to achieve a commercial or industrial objective.

The innovation of the equipment, machinery, infrastructure, decoration and methods that are application of science and industry.

This is the application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes or application in business.

Using science to solve problems.

All tools and the knowledge related to them that is developed by man to control and transform his material environment.

The application of knowledge for practical purposes, especially with regard to materials employed by teachers and students.

Consists in the creation of goods or services oriented to the resolution of problems using a body of scientific knowledge. These inventions can use it to transform the environment, solve problems, etc.

Internet infrastructure, computer, phone, tablet, etc. that students and teachers use to access online learning and the software used in online learning (Moodle, Google Meet, Microsoft Teams, etc.).

It is all of the applications and processes covering all of the tools, methods, skills, techniques created for the purposes of accumulating, controlling, processing, transmitting power and knowledge in the production of products and services or the realization of related goals to meet the needs and desires of people.

All of the knowledge, skills, methods and processes that develop, change and even transform the environment used to achieve the goal to meet the needs and desires of individuals.

A term that involves the technical and scientific knowledge and the application of this knowledge through its transformation in the use of tools (Internet and mobile apps).

The application of science, especially to the industrial or commercial objectives.

The branch of knowledge that deals with the creation and use of technical methods and their interrelation with life, society, and the environment.

This term refers the use of equipment, devices, supported by superior skills, knowledge, and techniques, often scientific in nature, to improve products and services.

It is the application of scientific knowledge to create different resources and tools for the welfare of human beings.

The creative energy used to solve problems which enhance control over nature and the man-made environment to improve the human condition.

Machinery and equipment developed from the application of scientific knowledge.

The practical application of knowledge to benefit society and firms.

An environment that help educators and learners.

Electronic systems used for communication.

It is the scientific development of methods and techniques used in the process.

The purposeful application of information in the design, production, and utilization of products and services.

Branch of knowledge that deals with the creation and use of technical means and their interrelation with life, society, and the environment, drawing upon such subjects as industrial arts, engineering, applied science, and pure science. It refers also to the sum of the ways in which social groups provide themselves with the material objects of their civilization.

The utilization of modern methods and systems for gaining the improved products and services.

The system by which a society provides its members with those things needed or desired.

The application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes.

Application of scientific knowledge and advances to practical purposes. Any use of materials or objects, as tools, to serve human needs.

The organization of knowledge for practical purposes.

It denotes the sum total of all the skills, methods, processes, techniques etc., required to produce goods or services in order to achieve the objectives.

Branch of knowledge that deals with the creation and use of technical means and their interrelation with life, society, and the environment, drawing upon such subjects as industrial arts, engineering, applied science, and pure science.

The branch of knowledge that deals with the creation and use of technical means and their interrelation with life, society, drawing upon such subjects as industrial arts, engineering, applied science, and pure science. It includes the application of practical sciences to industry or commerce.

The expertise or know-how required to manufacture a final product or for processing intermediate inputs. ( Eridilek, 1986 ).

The component that justifies a technique.

The application of knowledge into practical examples. This knowledge is useful as the learner comes across challenges which may need some practical solutions.

The purposeful application of information in the design, production, and utilization of products and services.

Technology is a body of knowledge used to create tools, process things, and extract materials. Technology may be described in the form of products, processes, or organizations. People use technology to expand their capabilities, and that makes people the most civilized members of the technological systems.

Practical implementation of science is called as technology. It involves science with various methodologies and processes, techniques, skills, and art.

The application of techniques, skills, methods, and processes to the aims of life or put into practical use to solve problems

Culture: Shared knowledge and understanding of technology between groups of people

The application of practical sciences within industry and commerce.

Technology as addressed specifically in this article pertains to digital applications, programs, and resources accessed through the use of computers.

Digital tools used for educational purposes.

It represents a technique or sum of skills given to the production and exchange of goods or at least to the maximization of goals.

Any machine, equipment, or innovative use of knowledge applied to the mitigation or prevention of child maltreatment. May be used as a primary or supplementary component.

Electronic resources, such as a handheld electronic device or a computer, a student uses to gain access to the information needed to complete the PL assignment.

Refers to the set of miscellaneous tools and technical, including equipments, modifications, arrangements and procedures developed and used by humans, in order to control and to adapt to their natural, social or inner environments.

All facets of Internet, computer use and communication, and equipment advances.

Digital devices, software, and connectivity that allow the use of digital content in the classroom. Digital devices are any hardware devices that students or teachers can use to search for, create, manipulate, or consume digital content.

Any digital or electronic device designed to be used to support teaching and learning.

A body of knowledge devoted to creating tools, processing actions and the extraction of materials. Technology is also an application of science used to solve problems.

Systems and devices which arise from the practical application of scientific knowledge.

Scientific or empirical knowledge directly applied to the production or improvement of goods or services.

Refers to the suite of digital technologies, both existing and emerging. The suite includes laptop and desktop computers, smart mobile digital devices (phones, tablets, pens), Internet based services such as social networking tools, learning management.

Technology uses physical principles and scientific laws to realise technical functions.

Any capability offered someone by the practical application of knowledge to achieve an objective, or use of such capability embedded in something, such as a machine.

All of the tools and related information developed by man in order to control and change his environment.

The science or knowledge put into the practical utilization to solve the problems or invent the useful tools.

Means a practical use of scientific discoveries such as computer, Internet and other devices.

Scientific knowledge application to meet practical purposes of both of the humans and the industry.

The branch of knowledge that deals with the creation and use of technical means and their interrelation with life, society, and the environment, drawing upon such subjects as industrial arts, engineering, applied science, and pure science; method for convening resources into goods and services.

Is the modification of the natural environment, through human-designed products, systems, and processes, to satisfy needs and wants.

Man-made device that increases work productivity, stores information, creates new media; generally plugs in or has batteries.

The making, modification, usage, and knowledge of tools, machines, techniques, crafts, systems, and methods of organization, in order to solve a problem, improve a pre-existing solution to a problem, achieve a goal, handle an applied input/output relation or perform a specific function. It can also refer to the collection of such tools, including machinery, modifications, arrangements and procedures. Technologies significantly affect human as well as other animal species' ability to control and adapt to their natural environments.

In the context of education, refers to equipment or tools, especially with electronic parts, that are used to facilitate learning, whether used by the teacher alone, the students alone, or both students and teachers, inside or outside the classroom.

The entities, both material and immaterial, created by the application of mental and physical effort in order to achieve some value. In this chapter, technology refers to tools and machines that may be used to solve real-world problems.

Use of tools, computers, and applications to enhance quality of life, industry, entertainment, and education.

In simplest terms, technology refers to any tool that is employed for a specific purpose. In broader terms, technology refers not only to the tool itself, but to all of the associated systems and underlying theoretical and applied knowledge needed to develop and use the tool effectively.

Practical utilization of scientific information, particularly in industry.

Branch of knowledge that deals with the creation and use of technical means and their interrelation with life, society, and the environment, drawing upon such subjects as industrial arts, engineering, applied science, and pure science.

Technology in the broadest sense is any resource that improves the efficacy of processes or services.

Is a set of technical knowledge (methods, procedures, tools), with practical application in solving specific problems.

Technology plays a vital role in blended learning. Students need access to devices and the internet in order to participate in online learning activities. Educational institutions also need to invest in technology infrastructure and resources to support blended learning.

Both mathematics-specific and general instructional technology materials that teachers use to teach and students use to learn mathematics.

Use of scientific knowledge to produce instruments, devices, and appliances.

Branch of knowledge that deals with the creation and use of technical means and their interrelation with life, society, and the environment, drawing upon such subjects as industrial arts, engineering, applied science, and pure science. It refers also to the sum of the ways in which social groups provide themselves with the material objects of their civilization.

The principles and processes needed for the development of useful tools.

Application and study of everything that can be functional to the resolution of practical problems and business strategies for achieving a goal.

Electronic or digital products and systems.

Electronic resources, such as a handheld electronic device or a computer, a student uses to gain access to the information needed to complete the PL assignment.

Use scientific information, apparatus, and techniques to produce usable items, services, or systems. It incorporates an extensive choice of tools, machines, devices, and techniques developed and utilized to solve problems, enhance productivity, and improve the quality of life. Technology is crucial in various domains, including communication, transportation, healthcare, manufacturing, and education.

Technology is the use of scientific knowledge for practical purposes or applications.

New machines, equipment, and ways of doing things that are based on modern knowledge about science and computers (Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English, 2010 AU78: The in-text citation "Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English, 2010" is not in the reference list. Please correct the citation, add the reference to the list, or delete the citation. ).

The application of scientific knowledge and skills for practical purposes, human welfare, or in industry. This might include, Information communication Technology (ICT), mobile technology, and design including robotics, artificial intelligence, computing, drones, and space exploration.

The body of know-how about the means and methods of producing goods and services. Modern technology is increasingly science-based, but also includes methods of organisation as well as physical technique.

It refers to any digital tools used for educational purposes.

Evolving devices and/or tools that increase efficiency in work. For the purposes of this chapter, technology is the collection of devices and/or tools that provide new means of communication and service provisions, specifically over electronic pathways.

Tools that people use for a variety of purposes.

A field of knowledge concerned with the use of industrial arts and applied science to achieve practical objectives, or the various inventions and means of solving problems that result from research in this field.

It is the use of science to solve problems or create new tools.

Technology refers to methods, processes, and equipment resulting from scientific knowledge applied to practical applications.

(Process) construction uses and the organization of knowledge for the achievement of practical purposes in intellectual and social contexts; (tool): material construction and operation of physical systems based on systematic knowledge of how to design artifacts; and (system): a self-producing and operationally-closed system situated within and differentiated from the environment.

A process through which problems are identified and solved.

Any technique or device to provide and promote the acquisition of education.

The branch of knowledge that deals with the creation and use of technical means and their interrelation with life, society, and the environment, drawing upon such subjects as industrial arts, engineering, applied science, and pure science; method for convening resources into goods and services.

The summation of any processes, techniques, methods, and skills utilized in the manufacturing of goods and services.

The application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes, especially in industry.

Set of instruments, technical resources or procedures used in a given field or sector.

Electronic machines, components, and wireless devices used for personal, educational, and professional productivity, as well as those used for entertainment and the infrastructures behind such devices.

This represents the set of techniques, knowledge, skills, and actions oriented to transform the environment.

Refers to devices, usually digitally based and internet-dependent, which facilitate communication, data storage, information processing, and transmission.

The application of computerised knowledge to improve the performance of governments and citizen engagement.

The branch of knowledge that deals with the interrelation with life, society, and the environment, drawing upon such subjects as industrial arts, engineering, information systems, applied science and pure science; the scientific method and material used to achieve a commercial or industrial objective

Use scientific information, apparatus, and techniques to produce usable items, services, or systems. It incorporates an extensive choice of tools, machines, devices, and techniques developed and utilized to solve problems, enhance productivity, and improve the quality of life. Technology is crucial in various domains, including communication, transportation, healthcare, manufacturing, and education.

Various innovative tools and methods used in the food industry.

Computer software and hardware; applications from the Internet of various kinds, or Internet learning activities that can include video gaming for learning.

Is the set of skills, methods or processes used for the design and construction of machines or services to satisfy human needs.

Electronic (or otherwise) means for varying modes of representation, engagement, as well as action and expression to neutralize barriers to learning through enhancing teaching, learning, and assessment.

5G stands for 5 th Generation Mobile Technology which reflects the mobile telecommunication standard which surpassed 4 th Generation (4G) Mobile Technology. A 5G-based telecommunication network promises to deliver faster connection times and decreased latency for mobile phones, mobile, apps, PC’s and other technology connected to telecommunication networks.

This is the application and use of scientific knowledge to create awareness and promote an organization’s goods and services.

The application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes, especially in industry.

The application of techniques, skills, methods, and processes to the aims of life or put into practical use to solve problems.

It is the applied science to the concrete problems resolution that facilitate the goods or services design and creation that facilitate human adaptation to the surrounding environment and the humanity essential needs and desires satisfaction. Although there are many technologies and very different from each other, as a theoretical discipline technology studies the knowledge common to all technologies. Although it is common to use the term technology in singular both to refer to the set of all, as well as to one of them in specific.

Any computer-based tool for information and communication purposes.

Mechanisms that support knowledge sharing, that enable the individual to improve skills, competencies, expertise and know-how. Ground-breaking means that have radically transformed organizations in the 21 st century.

The branch of knowledge that deals with the creation and use of technical means and their interrelation with life, society, and the environment, drawing upon such subjects as industrial arts, engineering, applied science, and pure science; method for convening resources into goods and services.

Any electronic tool for teaching and learning that stores, transmits, or receives information through machine coding in 0s and 1s, such as computers, laptops, tablets, smartphones, etc.

Any computer related digital tool.

Both mathematics-specific and general instructional technology materials that teachers use to teach and students use to learn mathematics.

It is the tools, methods, and processes as well as the knowledge and manners that people use to make their lives easier.

Human inventions designed to sustain or improve lives and/or livelihoods to make existence more tolerable and/or comfortable.

Electronic commerce (ecommerce) is a business strategy that allows consumers and businesses to purchase goods and services via the internet.

Technology is a broad concept that deals with a speicies usage and knowledge of tools, and how it affects a species’ ability to control and adapt to its environment.

Technology is the scientific knowledge application for practical purposes, especially in industry.

The products, systems, and processes that emerge from a body of knowledge created by systematic inquiry in order assist in goal attainment.

The application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes, especially in industry.

The application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes.

Set of resources that facilitate e-learning in schools.

Employing of knowledge obtained from human effort into practice.

Application and study of everything that can be functional to the resolution of practical problems and business strategies to achieve a goal.

A manner of accomplishing a task especially using technical processes, methods, or knowledge.

Systems used to enhance the learning experience.

The application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes in the industry.

The application of the knowledge and usage of tools or device and techniques to control one’s environment.

Borrowing the National Committee on Technological Literacy definition of technology, technology is more than computers, digital devices, and machines. Technology includes a body of knowledge, people, processes, and skills involved in the design, creation, and modification of the natural state of the world. “In its broadest sense, technology is the process by which humans modify nature to meet their needs and wants” ( Pearson & Young, 2002 , p. 2).

The branch of knowledge that deals with the creation and use of technical means and their interrelation with life, society, and the environment, drawing upon such subjects as industrial arts, engineering, applied science, and pure science.

Electronic recording, transmission, and storage systems used in the fields of counseling and psychology.

Technology is referred to as innovative, cognitive, and psychomotor knowledge that is conveyed using a variety of tools, being computers and social and educational media, that enable online interaction between students, lecturers, and the university.

It includes efforts to identify people’s needs and to use existing knowledge, materials, and resources to meet those needs.

Any hardware, software, machinery, or equipment developed from the application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes.

Extremist actors frequently used the Internet and recognized its potential as communication and mobilization tool. While a growing body of evidence suggests that the Internet is a crucial facilitator of VE, research in this area had incorporated former extremists’ experiences with the Internet when they were involved in VE.

The use of scientific knowledge to solve the practical problems, especially in the industry and commerce.

The application of scientific knowledge toward an applied purpose or goal.

The branch of knowledge that deals with the creation and use of technical means and their interrelation with life, society, and the environment, drawing upon such subjects as industrial arts, engineering, applied science, and pure science; method for convening resources into goods and services.

Application of technical processes or scientific knowledge for practical purposes.

Human constructed tools that aim at facilitating work processes and improving efficiency.

The utilization of scientific knowledge to solve the practical problems, especially in industry and commerce.

Technology refers to methods, systems, and devices that are the result of scientific knowledge being used for practical purposes.

Any device or software employed by teachers and students for learning. The devices are primarily computers such as desktops and laptops but are increasingly tablets such as iPads and smartphones. Hardware can also refer to interactive white boards, wireless access points and wired Internet ports.

Branch of knowledge that deals with creation and use of technical means and their interrelation with life.

Tools used to enhance tasks.

It is the study of machines, tools, processes, and techniques created by humans. It is when humans use these tools and advancements to improve communications, efficiencies, and their lives.

A set of practices and devices that determine how to transform efficiently key inputs (labour, capital, and materials) into outputs.