Petter Gottschalk

Policing is heavily dependent on information, intelligence, and knowledge. The amount of information police officers come in contact with in the course of their work is often...

Policing is heavily dependent on information, intelligence, and knowledge. The amount of information police officers come in contact with in the course of their work is often...

As service-centered organizations focus on their customers, values are co-created through organizational capabilities. The central part of these capabilities is knowledge which...

A stage model for knowledge management systems in policing financial crime is developed in this chapter. Stages of growth models enable identification of organizational maturity...

The expectations of IT outsourcing in the delivery of strategic, economic, and technological benefits have drastically increased over the last decade. Although private companies...

In this chapter on outsourcing opportunities, a common conceptual understanding of important issues of the business practice of our interest is established. First, we take a look...

IT outsourcing as a theoretical as well as practical discipline is based on several other concepts and disciplines, as well as the relations between them – such as international...

We have identified a total of eleven theories that help explain why IT outsourcing is occurring worldwide. These theories were presented in the previous Chapter 2. Based on these...

Understanding how firms differ is a central challenge for both theory and practice of management. For a long time, Porter’s (1985) value chain was the only value configuration...

Stages of growth models have been used widely in both organizational research and information technology management research. According to King and Teo (1997), these models...

Managing costs successfully requires more than traditional cost accounting. It requires an understanding of cost-influencing factors based on cost-explaining theories, such as...

moved to and exchanged with an external organization (Bahli & Rivard, 2005). Therefore, changes in the knowledge transfer requirements are viewed as the single most important...

For the vendor an IT outsourcing relationship is successful if it generates profit for the company and if it strengthens the company’s value proposition in terms of complementary...

The overall objective of this chapter is to concentrate on the important issues of strategy, structure, and management of IT outsourcing arrangements. First, we take a look at...

In order to understand the inherent complexities and the underlying constructs of managing IT outsourcing relationships and the performance of these relationships, empirical...

Achieving superior performance in IT outsourcing relationships is both a demanding and a rewarding activity. To perform well managers need to understand outsourcing...

Given the potential headaches of managing IT, it is tempting to hand the job over to someone else. Indeed, outsourcing once appeared to be a simple solution to management...

The CIO can be defined as the highest-ranking IT executive who typically exhibits managerial roles requiring effective communication with top management, a broad corporate...

It has long been argued that information (I) is more important than technology (T) in information technology (IT). Thus in this case study, we will focus on information. The case...

Improved interoperability between public organizations as well as between public and private organizations is of critical importance to make electronic government more...

Information technology strategies are critical to business as they can deliver not only effective business operations, but also competitively differentiated products and services...

The mobilization of electronic information across government organizations has the potential of modernizing and transforming information exchanges. The current information...

Digital government, E-Government, and E-governance: all are terms that have become synonymous with the use of information and communications technologies in government agencies....

To comprehend the value that information technology provides to organizations, we must first understand the way a particular organization conducts business and how information...

The resource theory of organizations is an influential theoretical framework for understanding how efficiency and effectiveness within organizations are achieved and how...

If a region or nation is to make the best use of its information assets and reduce duplication in gathering data, information sharing across the public sector is essential. For...

Improved interoperability between public organizations as well as between public and private organizations is of critical importance to make electronic government more successful...

Alignment is the adjustment of an object such as a system, a procedure or a process in relation with other objects so that they work better together. For example, strategic...

Developing a strategy for E-Government interoperability is taken to mean thinking strategically and planning for the effective long-term application and optimal impact of...

Given the political nature of back-office integration, should cross-organizational back-office integration be seen as a command and control challenge or a process management...

The CIO can be defined as the highest-ranking IT executive who typically exhibits managerial roles requiring effective communication with top management, a broad corporate...

An investigation is an effective search for material to bring an offender to justice. Knowledge and skills are required to conduct an effective investigation. Investigative...

The most challenging of all interoperability issues seems to be related to organizational interoperability. While technical interoperability certainly represents challenges of...

It was Sterman’s (2000) book entitled “Business Dynamics: Systems Thinking and Modeling for a Complex World” that introduced the term business dynamics. Business dynamics is...

A general understanding of business firms is required in order to be able to develop business and IT strategies. This chapter will present the resource-based theory of the firm...

Building on the understanding of the theories and models of firms, this chapter reviews the basic principles of strategic management of business enterprises. First, the basic...

Over the last several decades, strategy researchers have devoted attention to the question of how corporate elites (i.e., corporate executives and directors) affect corporate...

As discussed in Chapter III, a successful IT strategy must align with the business, fully at every stage of the end-to-end strategic management process, from strategy setting and...

Chapter IV defines the macromodel for achieving business/IT alignment. This chapter defines the detailed methodology for each step of the IT strategy process. First, the business...

The role of integrated enterprise architecture in IT strategy and strategic alignment is explained in Chapter V. This chapter describes in detail the principles and methods for...

The previous chapters describe how IT strategy and enterprise architecture can be defined in line with business strategy. The success of business and IT strategies, as explained...

As introduced in Chapter II and Chapter V, performance differences across firms can be attributed to the variance in firms’ resources and capabilities. The essence of the...

In many organizations, information technology has become crucial in the support, sustainability, and growth of the business. This pervasive use of technology has created a...

The Global CEO Survey by IBM (2006) shows that two thirds of the CEOs anticipate significant change to their companies over the next two years. The inevitable change is...

As described in Chapter X, fundamental to the company’s innovation capabilities is the level of collaboration and knowledge management capabilities available to support the...

This chapter is about the “know-how” part of IT strategy and management best practices. This case example aims to illustrate a successful practical application of IT strategy...

Improved interoperability between public organizations as well as between public and private organizations is of critical importance to make electronic government more...

The purpose of this article is to present some topics relevant to our understanding of the online grooming process that pedophile men apply to target young people online for...

Police investigations are information intensive work processes, where information, intelligence and knowledge are important resources to solve crime cases. Often, information is...

In an outsourcing relationship, the vendor and its clients need to transfer knowledge on a continuous basis. Relevant approaches to outsourcing relationships from the knowledge...

As we trace the evolution of computing technologies in business, we can observe their changing level of organizational impact. The first level of impact was at the point work got...

Knowledge management systems refer to a class of information systems applied to manage organizational knowledge. These systems are IT applications to support and enhance the...

Law enforcement is of concern to law firms. A law firm can be understood as a social community specializing in the speed and efficiency in the creation and transfer of legal...

As we trace the evolution of computing technologies in business, we can observe their changing level of organizational impact. The first level of impact was at the point work got...

Emerging business models, value configurations, and information technologies interact over time to create competitive advantage. Modern information technology has to be studied...

The CIO position and importance depend on information technology maturity in the organization, value configuration, strategic IT resources, e-business approach, and IT governance...

The main objective of knowledge management is to support the creation, transfer, and application of knowledge. Researchers and practitioners have emphasized the important role of...

Police forces around the world engage in a variety of activities. Many of these activities, such as roadblocks, arrests, and increased police presence in problem areas, are...

It has long been argued that knowledge reuse is positively related to the extent of information technology use in organizations. This article reports results from an exploratory...

Emerging business models, value configurations, and information technologies interact over time to create competitive advantage. Modern information technology has to be studied...

Emerging business models, value configurations, and information technologies interact over time to create competitive advantage. Modern information technology has to be studied...

Emerging business models, value configurations, and information technologies interact over time to create competitive advantage. Modern information technology has to be studied...

Emerging business models, value configurations, and information technologies interact over time to create competitive advantage. Modern information technology has to be studied...

Emerging business models, value configurations, and information technologies interact over time to create competitive advantage. Modern information technology has to be studied...

Emerging business models, value configurations, and information technologies interact over time to create competitive advantage. Modern information technology has to be studied...

Emerging business models, value configurations, and information technologies interact over time to create competitive advantage. Modern information technology has to be studied...

Emerging business models, value configurations, and information technologies interact over time to create competitive advantage. Modern information technology has to be studied...

Emerging business models, value configurations, and information technologies interact over time to create competitive advantage. Modern information technology has to be studied...

Emerging business models, value configurations, and information technologies interact over time to create competitive advantage. Modern information technology has to be studied...

The chief executive officer (CEO) is the only executive at level 1 in the hierarchy of an organization (Carpenter & Wade, 2002). All other executives in the organization are at...

The chief information officer (CIO) can be defined as the highest ranking IT execu-tive who typically exhibits managerial roles requiring effective communication with top...

One approach to understanding the CIO position is to study managerial roles. In this chapter, 10 roles by Mintzberg, six roles by Grover et al. derived from Mintz-berg, and six...

In this book, we need to develop a general understanding of business firms to en-able strategic IS/IT planning. In this chapter, we will present the resource-based theory of the...

The CIO can be found at different hierarchical levels in the organization. The CEO is assigned as the only member at level 1. Level 2 includes the most senior executives, and a...

Over the last several decades, strategy researchers have devoted attention to the question of how corporate elites (i.e., corporate executives and directors) affect corporate...

As companies expand their use of the Internet from electronic commerce to elec-tronic business, the CIO emerges as the most important executive for performance improvements when...

CEO compensation can influence outsourcing of information technology. Hall and Liedtka (2005) found a relationship between CEO self-interest and IT outsourcing decisions....

The chief executive officer (CEO) is the only executive at level 1 in the hierarchy of an organization (Carpenter & Wade, 2002). All other executives in the organization are at...

The centrality of knowledge in organizations is reflected in the emergence of the knowledge-based view as an important theoretical stance in contemporary orga-nizational...

Both the CIO and the CEO are practicing leadership. One of the defining charac-teristics of leadership is the ability to develop and implement appropriate responses to a variety...

The public sector is turning to knowledge management, having recognized that they too face competition in funding and from alternative services. Increasingly, customers of the...

Knowledge is an important organizational resource. Unlike other inert organizational resources, the application of existing knowledge has the potential to generate new knowledge....

As we trace the evolution of computing technologies in business, we can observe their changing level of organizational impact. The first level of impact was at the point work got...

Knowledge management systems refer to a class of information systems applied to manage organizational knowledge. These systems are IT applications to support and enhance the...

Knowledge management, as a field of study, is concerned with simplifying and improving the process of sharing, distributing, creating, capturing, and understanding knowledge....

Officer-to-officer systems are found at Stage 2 of the stages-of-growth model for knowledge management technology. Information about who knows what is made available to all...

Information from knowledge workers is stored and made available to everyone in the police force who is in need of, and eligible for this information. Data-mining techniques can...

nformation systems solving knowledge problems are made available to knowledge workers and knowledge seekers. Artificial intelligence is applied in these systems. Expert systems...

To comprehend the value that information technology provides to organizations, we must first understand the way a particular organization conducts business, and how information...

Law enforcement is of concern to law firms. A law firm can be understood as a social community specializing in the speed and efficiency in the creation and transfer of legal...

Holgersson (2005) identified and described, in his doctoral dissertation, different types of knowledge that are part of police officers’ practice. This case description is based...

To comprehend the value that information technology provides to organizations, we must first understand the way a particular organization conducts business and how information...

Knowledge is an important organizational resource. Unlike other inert organizational resources, the application of existing knowledge has the potential to generate new knowledge....

As we trace the evolution of computing technologies in business, we can observe their changing level of organizational impact. The first level of impact was at the point work got...

Knowledge management systems refer to a class of information systems applied to manage organizational knowledge. These systems are IT applications to support and enhance the...

This chapter documents some of the links between e-business and knowledge management systems that might be explored in future empirical research. The research propositions in...

With changing business environments, the locus of value creation is no longer within the boundaries of a single firm, but occurs instead at the nexus of relationships between...

The term outsourcing can be studied further by using the opposite term of insourcing. Hirschheim and Lacity (2000) define insourcing as the practice of evaluating the outsourcing...

In many organizations, information technology has become crucial in the support, the sustainability and the growth of the business. This pervasive use of technology has created a...

Governments have become increasingly focused upon the setting of targets in efforts to improve the efficacy of police performance. However, performance assessments for police...

A law firm can be understood as a social community specializing in the speed and efficiency in the creation and transfer of legal knowledge (Nahapiet & Ghoshal, 1998). Many law...

E-Business Strategy, Sourcing and Governance is based on the premise that it is difficult, if not impossible, to manage a modern business or public organization without at least...

In this book we need to develop a general understanding of business firms to enable strategic IS/IT planning. We will present the resource-based theory of the firm, the...

The Internet is an extremely important new technology, and it is no surprise that it has received so much attention from entrepreneurs, executives, investors, and business...

Strategy can be defined simply as principles, a broad based formula, applied in order to achieve a purpose. These principles are general guidelines guiding the daily work to...

Stages 1 to 3 cover strategy analysis in the Y model. While stage 1 is concerned with describing the current IS/IT situation, stage 2 is concerned with describing the current and...

When needs for change have been identified and proposals for filling gaps have been developed, alternative actions for improving the current situation can be developed. New IS/IT...

Stages 6 and 7 cover strategy implementation in the Y model. While stage 6 is concerned with implementing the plan and describing results, stage 7 is concerned with evaluating...

An important point is made about how strategy was absent from early e-business attempts. The first part of this book described how strategy might be present. To establish and...

In Chapter I, general theories of the firm and value configurations of firms were introduced. Here we return to more theories. While theories and value configurations in Chapter...

Information technology outsourcing—the practice of transferring IT assets, leases, staff, and management responsibility for delivery of services from internal IT functions to...

According to Gartner (2004b), IT infrastructure consolidation and standardization characterized the largest multibillion IT outsourcing contracts during 2003 and 2004 and are...

The rapidly increasing use of outsourcing for IT services, both in the public and private sectors, has attracted much interest from researchers and practitioners alike. While...

The shifting geography of business processes can de defined as the third wave of geography-related change in the design and operation of corporations. During the first wave, the...

In many organizations, information technology has become crucial in the support, the sustainability, and the growth of the business. This pervasive use of technology has created...

Most scholars seem to agree that a critical part of IT governance is allocation of decision rights. Allocation is concerned with identifying decision makers and decision...

Strategy can simply be defined as principles, a broad based formula, to be applied in order to achieve a purpose. These principles are general guidelines guiding the daily work...

Enterprises implement their governance arrangement through a set of governance mechanisms and an effective IT governance architecture. Implementation success may be dependent on...

The overall objective of this chapter is to concentrate on the important issues of strategy, structure, and management of IT outsourcing arrangements. Using well-known...

The knowledge-based view of the firm has established itself as an important perspective in strategic management. This perspective builds on the resource-based theory of the firm....

The primary learning objective of this term paper assignment is to enable you to practice the application of various techniques that are used in the process of developing an...

Given the potential headaches of managing IT, it is tempting to hand the job over to someone else. Indeed, outsourcing once appeared to be a simple solution to management...

In this chapter, we cover some topics that contribute to a broader understanding of the role of IT outsourcing. We start by presenting value configurations consisting of primary...

Based on outsourcing definitions explored in Chapter II, we can identify taxonomies, or schools of IT outsourcing. The primary purpose of this framework is to guide executives on...

Why does the outsourcing of IT frequently fail to produce the expected cost savings and other benefits? Lacity, Willcocks, and Feeny (1996) pose this question, and they suggest...

Lacity and Willcocks (2000a) identified six outsourcing phases. In these phases, a variety of stakeholders are involved, such as customer senior business managers, customer...

According to Graham (2003), one of the games lawyers play in negotiation meetings relating to outsourcing is to bet how long it will be until one party describes the outsourcing...

Many of the potential problems with outsourcing can be avoided by carefully deciding which IT services can appropriately be contracted out and which cannot. Other problems...

The overall objective of this chapter is to concentrate on the important issues of strategy, structure, and management of IT outsourcing arrangements. Using well-known...

A dominant explanation for companies outsourcing IT is costs. In this chapter, we discuss production and transaction economics, hidden costs and contract termination costs, and...

In an outsourcing relationship, the vendor and its clients need to transfer knowledge on a continuous basis. Relevant approaches to outsourcing relationships from the knowledge...

Outsourcing contracts do not last forever. And sooner or later, the client has to think of “where to go by the end of this contract?” and “how to get there?” Resources are...

Strategic Knowledge Management Technology applies the knowledge-based view of the firm, which builds on the resource-based theory. The value shop is identified as the typical...

There is a growing recognition in the business community about the importance of knowledge as a critical resource for organizations. Traditionally, this resource has not been...

Business strategy has traditionally focused on products and services to gain competitive advantage. Recent work in the area of strategic management and economic theory has begun...

As we trace the evolution of computing technologies in business, we can observe their changing level of organizational impact. The first level of impact was at the point where...

Stages of growth models have been used widely in both organizational research and information technology management research. According to King and Teo (1997), these models...

Developing an IS/IT strategy for knowledge management is taken to mean thinking strategically and planning for the effective long-term application and optimal impact of...

This chapter explores some important and contemporary issues concerning the knowledge-based view of the firm. Law firms represent an industry that seems very well suited to...

This chapter discusses imperatives for IT functions, organization of IT functions, roles of IT functions, roles of chief information officers (CIOs) and key issues in IT...

This paper explores some important and contemporary issues concerning the knowledge-based view of the firm. Law firms represent an industry that seems very well suited to...

With increasing globalization of business, the management of IT in international organizations is faced with the complex task of dealing with the difference between local and...

Information systems (IS) leadership roles have undergone fundamental changes over the past decade. Despite increased interest in recent years, little empirical research on IS...

Information systems (IS) departments face many challenges in today’s rapidly changing environment. One approach to understanding these challenges is to survey IS managers to...

Information systems (IS) departments face many challenges in today’s rapidly changing environment. One approach to understanding these challenges is to survey IS managers to...

Information systems (IS) leadership roles have undergone fundamental changes over the past decade. Despite increased interest in recent years, little empirical research on IS...

Information systems (IS) departments face many challenges in today’s rapidly changing environment. One approach to understanding these challenges is to survey IS managers to...

Information technology (IT) leadership has undergone fundamental changes over the past decade. Despite increased interest in recent years, little empirical research on IS/IT...

Information systems (IS) leadership roles have undergone fundamental changes over the past decade. Despite increased interest in recent years, little empirical research on IS...