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Top1. Introduction
The Real-time and embedded systems/applications (RTES) are increasingly varied and are becoming part of our daily lives, such as the navigation of boats, planes, trains or automobiles, the control of industrial processes, robotics, telecommunications (cell phones, satellites) or even, the control of passengers and their behavior via facial recognition and tracking technics.
The design, analysis and development of real-time applications marked by an increased complexity, motivate the interest in an efficient development approach that promotes improved product quality and performance as well as the control of the cost (in terms of budget and time) required for development.
The design patterns (Gamma et al., 1995) present proven solutions to specific and recurring problems. The reuse of these “good solutions” during the design phase can provide an efficient way to control the complexity of the real-time systems/applications to be designed.
One of the important issues for engineers is how to develop these applications quickly and guarantee reliability, fault tolerance, robustness and the respect of functional and technical requirements (Douglass et al., 2003). These constraints imposed by the needs of the system must be taken into account from the first phases of the development cycle to reduce the cost and time of development of real-time applications.
In general, design patterns are represented by a combination of UML diagrams, natural language text, and code fragments. The diagrams describe a set of pattern components and their interactions and the textual description provides information on how to instantiate the pattern, however, this description is subject to interpretation ambiguities (Douibi & Belala, 2019).
In this paper, we propose an approach for the integration and use of patterns in the design phase of the real-time application development process. For this purpose, we have resorted to the definition of a new profile, which allows both to give a richer representation to the patterns and also to ensure the correctness of their instantiation. The definition of the profile consists in specifying new stereotypes to enrich the semantics of the patterns and their solutions and to successfully achieve their instantiation and composition. The temporal characteristics and properties are expressed through the UML-MARTE profile (OMG, 2008).The verification of the properties of the designed applications is a crucial element in the real-time environment. It goes first through a phase of formal specification based on the rewriting logic and its language Maude (Clavel et al., 2011) and precisely Real-Time Maude (Ölveczky, 2007). For this purpose, we have provided the process with a formal support, allowing to generate the “RT-Maude” specifications of the RT-patterns based designs and then to perform verifications of the chosen properties.
In the last two years, COVID-19 has been the greatest concern of people in all countries, especially medical staff and their families due to the high level of infection that characterizes this virus (Abdel-Basset et al. 2021; Dhiman et al. 2021). In our case study, particular attention was given to the development of systems to detect people potentially affected by the CORONA-VIRUS at airport gates, or any company that needs to control the movement of people and employees.