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Top1. Introduction
Economic load dispatch (ELD) is applied in electric power utilities is to provide high-quality, reliable power supply to the consumers at the lowest possible tariff. It can be defined in normal condition the operation of generation facilities is to produce electrical power at the lowest cost to reliably serve consumers, recognizing any operational limits of generation and transmission facilities. It is an important role in electrical power system operation for allocating generation among the committed units such that the constraints imposed are satisfied and the energy requirement. The characteristics of fuel for modern generating units are highly nonlinear with demand for solution techniques having no restrictions on to the shape of the fuel cost curves. For science and engineering, many optimization techniques are developed for used in ELD problem to accomplishment to the main goal. But the calculus-based methods (El-Keib, Ma, & Hart, 1994) are not fulfillment to solving ELD problems, as these techniques are required smooth, differentiable objective function. Another method which is Linear programming method (Fanshel & Lynes, 1964) is speedy and reliable but it has some drawback related with the piecewise linear cost approximation. Small improvements in the unit output scheduling can give to significant cost savings. So The dynamic programming approach, which is proposed by Wood and Wollenberg (1984) to solve ELD problems but this technique does not impose any restriction on the nature of the cost curves, but suffers from the curse of dimensionality and larger simulation time. In current years, several attempts have been made to solve ELD with intelligent and modern technique which is meta-heuristic algorithm is helpful for solution of complex ELD problems they are Genetic algorithm (Walters & Sheble, 1993), particle swarm optimization (Gaing, 2003), Simulated Annealing (SA) (Renu Avinaash, Ravi Kumar, Anjaneya Bhargav et al., 2013), Artificial Neural Networks (Chagas, Martins & de Oliveira, 2012), Differential evolution (Tasgetiren, Bulut, Pan, et al., 2011), Tabu search (Darmawan, Priyana & Joseph, 2012), Evolutionary Programming (EP) (Jayabharathi, Jayaprakash, Jeyakumar, 2006), Ant colony optimization (Hou, Wu, Lu et al., 2002), Artificial immune system (AIS) (Panigrahi, Yadav, Agrawal, 2007), Bacterial Foraging Algorithm (BFA) (Mai & Li, 2012), Biogeography-based Optimization (BBO) (Bhattacharya, & Chattopadhyay, 2010), etc. This mentioned method may confirm to be very effective in solving nonlinear ELD problems without any restriction on the shape of the cost curves. They often provide a fast, reasonable nearly global optimal solution but these methods do not always assurance global best solutions, they often achieve a fast and near global optimal solution. In recent years, different hybridization and modification of GA, EP, PSO, DE, BBO like improved GA with multiplier updating (IGA-MU) (Chiang, 2005) directional search genetic algorithm (DSGA) (Adhinarayanan, & Sydulu, 2008), hybrid genetic algorithm (GA)-pattern search (PS)-sequential quadratic programming (SQP) (GA-PS-SQP) (Alsumait, Sykulski & Al-Othman, 2010), improved fast evolutionary programming (IFEP) (Sinha, Chakrabarti, & Chattopadhyay, 2003), new PSO with local random search (NPSO_LRS) (Selvakumar & Thanushkodi, 2007), adaptive PSO (APSO) (Panigrahi, Pandi & Das, 2008), self-organizing hierarchical PSO (SOH-PSO) (Chaturvedi, Pandit, & Srivastava, 2008), improved coordinated aggregation based PSO (ICA-PSO) (Vlachogiannis & Lee Kwang, 2009), improved PSO (Park, Jeong, Shin et al., 2010), combined particle swarm optimization with real-valued mutation (CBPSO-RVM) (Lu, Sriyanyong, Song, 2010), DE with generator of chaos sequences and sequential quadratic programming (DEC-SQP) (Coelho & Mariani, 2006), variable scaling hybrid differential evolution (VSHDE) (Chiou, 2007), hybrid differential evolution (DE) (Duvvuru & Swarup, 2011), bacterial foraging with Nelder–Mead algorithm (BF-NM) (Panigrahi & Pandi, 2008), hybrid differential evolution with biogeography-based optimization (DE/BBO) (Bhattacharya & Chattopadhyay, 2010), etc. are being anticipated to solving ELD for search better excellence and fast solution. Recently some effective techniques (Bhattacharjee, Bhattacharya, & nee Dey, 2014a; Bhattacharjee, Bhattacharya, & nee Dey, 2014b; James & Li, 2016; Ghasemi, Taghizadeh, Ghavidel et al., 2016; Abdelaziz, Ali, Abd Elazim, 2016) also applied in power system applications and these are capable to prove the effectiveness of their ability. Population based bio-inspired algorithm are Evolutionary algorithms, swarm intelligence and bacterial foraging etc. But they have common disadvantages which is these algorithms are complicated computation, using many parameters. For that reason, it is also difficult to understand these algorithms for beginners.