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People have beliefs, traditions, behavior, inspirations, styles, fashion, desires, TV, cinema, literature, advertisements, pictures, Figures, music, etc. It is surrounded by and included in many indicators. Semiology is the reading, interpretation, analysis and reconstruction of the meanings of these signs, objects, entities and realities. In this direction, people descend deeply into the world they live in and try to make sense (Parsa & Olgudeniz, 2014). Understanding the indicator, which is the basic building block of semiotics, is an important starting point for understanding semiotics. At the same time, semiotics is a meaningful whole consisting of systems that enable individuals to live and agree in a community. These indicators are spoken languages, gestures and gestures, signs, alphabets, etc. are units (Karaman, 2017). The images encoded in this whole process become meaningful with the taught teachings. Semiotics comes into play in the process of making sense of images around people.
Considering that almost every element of today's world is established and structured with visuals, the importance of the concept of sign and semiotics becomes apparent when considering that all of them are signs. Semiotics, which started its way with the theoretical framework of linguistics, proved itself as a science by establishing its own theoretical framework, coinciding much more recently.
Semiotics is expressed in European languages using the term Semiotic, semiotique, semiologie, semiotics. The origin of these terms is based on the word semeion used in Ancient Greek. Semeion means sign (Akerson, 2019). American Charles Sanders Peirce and Swiss linguist Ferdinand de Saussure laid the foundations of contemporary semiotics in the early 20th century. With the work of these two scientists, semiotics has become a known field all over the world. Semiotics, founded and pioneered by Saussure and Peirce, has become an independent science after the 1960s. The interpretation and meaning of the signs proposed by Saussure and Peirce was developed by the French linguist Roland Barthes (Çaki, 2018).
Saussure said, “A science can be designed to examine the life of signs in society; this science will form part of social psychology, and therefore general psychology; we will call this science semiotics ” (Rifat, 2005). Semiotics is a field of science that will teach what kind of features indicators contain and what laws they are bound by (Rifat, 2005). Saussure's priority as a linguist is to deal with language. Saussure followed a research process that focused on the relationship of signs with other signs rather than with objects as in Peirce. Therefore, Saussure's basic model differs in emphasis from Peirce's model. Saussure's focus indicator itself is much more direct (Fisk, 1999).
Semiotics, whose basic starting point is the structuralist approach, which is based on meaning and the production of meaning, actually emerges from the process of trying to comprehend the environment and the world in which people live and re-meaning this world. The widespread use of communication, the beginning of the process of questioning traditional values, the break from nature, the rapid developments in media technologies, the widespread use of visual communication through cinema and television, the increase in consumption, the creation of artificial needs with advertisements, increased the momentum in semiotics and the acceleration in cultural studies enabled it to emerge as an independent field of science (Akerson, 2005). With the rapid developments in technology, the increase in communication tools and economic structures, people are surrounded by visual elements every day. This abundance of dense image text pushes people to constantly read an image text for reasons such as selectivity or awareness.