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Top1. Introduction
A recent paradigm shift in engineering and technology has completely moving towards Artificial Intelligence, IoT and Blockchain. Mobile-broadband access devices, IoT, smart networks, big data analytics, AI and Blockchain have provided a new vision and aspect in the field of Agriculture and Healthcare sector. These key tools and technologies used to magnify the production, marketing processes and wellbeing of humanity. IoT is a system where each real world entity is provided with unique identifiers and able to communicate over an Internet (Singh and Agrawal, 2018). AI offers analytical and decision making capability to machine like a human being. AI and IoT brings the application smart and intelligent, for example, smart city (Dubey et al., 2020), smart health (Tian et al., 2019) and smart agriculture (Saiz-Rubio & Rovira-Más, 2020). The Blockchain technology refereed as a decentralized, distributed ledger that records the origins of a digital asset. These three technologies are combining together and reforming the various sectors including healthcare, agriculture, food supply, real estate, retail, etc.
The Blockchain is defined as a chain of Blocks that comprises information. Every block registers all of the current transactions, and after completion stores into the Blockchain as a permanent database. Each time a block gets completed and a new block is created. This technique is based on timestamp of a digital document which is unable to backdate or temper. Block in Blockchain is both a time-and date-stamped, secured server, and at the same time, a secured peer-to-peer database. Earlier Blockchain was only underlying technology used for cryptocurrency or bitcoin. Blockchain technology has the skill to automate payment in crypto currency and access to a shared ledger of data, transactions, and logs in a decentralized, secure, and trusted manner (Salah and Rehman, 2019). The Blockchain provides a direct communication between two specific parties to exchange of data or initiate the peer-to-peer transactions. Ethereum provides an open and distributed public Blockchain platform in which smart contracts can be deployed (Buterin, 2016). These contracts are functional to a broader range of business circumstances like contract processing, ownership changes, and economy sharing (Wu et al., 2019). Blockchain technology offer service mainly to trace and track of transaction to streamline and quicken the transaction and validation process. These services are not only used in cryptocurrency but also proving remarkable in other field where quick and rapid transaction required between a series of entity. There are various application areas of Blockchain like cryptocurrency, healthcare, Agriculture, food supply, copyright, banking (Chen et al., 2018; Casino et al., 2019), and real estate (Dijkstra, 2017).
Figure 1. Applications areas of blockchain
Agriculture and health sectors are really two important areas that need to be focused and have the opportunity to integrate with recent technology like IoT, AI along with Blockchain. Blockchain play a significant role in agriculture and health areas to supply product and services from source to destination.