The study reviewed different theories and models to give grounded coherence in order to recommend systems and technologies for effective knowledge sharing within academic libraries in South Africa. Organizational knowledge creation theory (OKCT) and the knowledge sharing model were used to underpin this study. The study established a relationship between concepts such as knowledge sharing, organizational culture, information and communication technology, employee knowledge and willingness known as individual factors, and knowledge of management systems and their impact on the phenomenon being investigated to provide profound understanding and explanation of certain processes, actions, events, and structures related to management of knowledge sharing in academic libraries.