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There has been a growing interest in work and family conflict (Carlson & Williams, 2000; Frone, Yardley, & Markel, 1997b; Greenhaus & Beutall, 1985; Kossek & Ozeki, 1998). These trends potentially increase the chance that work could interfere with family (WIF) or that family could interfere with work (FIW).Work and family has been shown to have a negative impact on organizational family and personal outcomes therefore efforts to reduce work and family conflict by addressing significant antecedents may be beneficial to organizations.
Work and family is defined “as a form of interrole conflict in which the role pressures from the work and family domains are mutually incompatible in some respect” (Greenhaus & Beutall, 1985, p. 77). The more time individuals allocate to one arena, the less they have to allocate to the other (Moen, 2002).When individuals feel that too many demands of one domain are unmet they experience work family conflict, which is consistent with a conflict
With changes in societal demographics including a growing number of dual career and single parent families, there has been much discussion in the popular press about work family conflict. Even with a growing number of companies insisting in work life benefits very little. Research has been done on the outcomes of such benefits in the work place. The literature on work family conflict has continued to evolve over the past two decades, focusing primarily on defining the construct and exploring its antecedents and consequences. Three recent meta analysis in work family conflict (Allen, Herst, Bruck, & Sutton, 2000; Kossek & Ozeki, 1998; 1999) indicated that few exceptions including Grover and Crooker (1995), Lambert (2000), O’Driscoll, Ilgen, and Hildreth (1992), and Wiley (1987).
On the other hand, Indian software exporters presently lead the global outsourcing market (Friedman, 2006). To maintain position as a leader in the software industry, Indian firms have recognized the importance of human capital as a vital knowledge resource (Mathrani & Mathrani, 2011). An important issue that the Indian women employed in information technology sector are facing is the changing work and family roles. Because so many women occupy both work and family roles their experiences as paid workers wives, and mothers represent primary social contexts for examining women’s lives (McBride, 1990). With so many women engaged in multiple roles the effect that these social roles have on women’s well being is worth examining (Repetti, 1998a; Russo, 1990)
Members of dual earner families and families with young children are more likely to experience work family conflict (Kelly & Voydanoff, 1985; Voydanoff, 1988)important shifts in family structure and accompanying demands needed to be considered (Voydanoff, 1988). The vast majority of this research has focused on “family “in the domain of non work examining the specific types of work /non work conflict; work /family conflict work family occurs when work pressures and family pressures occur at the same time such that compliance with pressures in one domain (e.g., work) makes it more difficult to comply with pressures in another domain (e.g., family).