Construction of Deep Convolutional Neural Networks For Medical Image Classification

1. Introduction

Medical Image classification is one of the important tasks in many medical imaging applications. This paper proposed a Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (DCNN) to classify lung X-ray images. Diagnosing the primary stage of tuberculosis from the chest X-ray needs appropriate clinical setting, computed tomography scanning and diagnosing can perform better only in progressive or post primary tuberculosis. In recent years, there are many complicated feature descriptors have been proposed for diagnosing diseases. In this work a customized DCNN framework is proposed that can learn the essential features of an image efficiently from the input lung images that are most appropriate for the classification function. The same framework can be utilized by generalizing it to carry out various other image classification tasks. This type of designed tools act as an interface for expressing many machine learning algorithms, and for implementing and executing such algorithms. The main objective of this paper is to fine tune the parameters of the classifier function by changing activation functions, estimators, and the architecture. Here, we fine-tune the parameters to improve the performance by obtaining the better classification accuracy rate. X-Rays images of the chest (CXRs) are broadly used in identifying the abnormalities in the chest area. Automatic detecting techniques are used in most of the diagnosing processes, to improve the accuracy rate of abnormality detection (Islam et al., 2017). Medical image classification system is an important subject in the field of biotechnology. Here, we train the network with a large amount of computation and to obtain high accuracy rate (Krizhevskyl, 2017). In this paper, we use various image classification techniques to classify the abnormality in lung X-ray. The main objective of this work is to prove the range for error loss and accuracy in the model generated by such tools with various classification methodologies to detect tuberculosis in the chest images with maximum accuracy. The proposed framework consists of four parts. They are: (1) varying estimators; (2) varying activation functions; (3) varying architecture; and (4) Classification of medical images. The main purpose is to identify the appropriate modalities and immodalities in the dataset by implementing various estimators with varying activation functions and hidden layer architecture. As a result, it shows the appropriate classification techniques with improved performance based on increased accuracy rate, the value of sensitivity, and the possibility of diagnosis using an automatic system. The automatic identification and classification of immodalities from the given input image dataset are highly desired in the area of image processing. We identify the best classification method for diseases identification based on Deep convolution neural networks (DCNNs) techniques. Using a dataset of 2000 natural images of diseased and healthy normal images, DCNNs are trained to predict two classes either diseased or not.