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DNA Computing

DNA Computing

Tao Song (Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China), Xun Wang (University of Tsukuba, Japan), Shudong Wang (Shandong University of Science and Technology, China), and Yun Jiang (Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China)
Copyright: © 2010 |Pages: 26
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-61692-797-4.ch005
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Abstract

DNA computing is widely accepted as a new computing framework all over the world. In this chapter, the background of DNA computing is firstly introduced by solving a Hamilton Path problem. Then three research directions are proposed according to the current development of it, including the theoretical framework, practical DNA computing models and DNA encoding. In each part of the three research directions, many recent results are involved. In the theoretical framework, DNA computing is proved to be computationally universal by four formal DNA computing models. In practical DNA computing models, DNA computing is shown to solve NP-complete problems and work well in other fields, such as medical science. In DNA encoding, some DNA codes and encoding methods are introduced to avoid the false positive phenomenon. And they have a final purpose in common: constructing a universal Biomolecular computing model, which is also called as biomolecular computer, to solve intractable problems for electrical computers. Finally, some further research directions are shown in each part for the design of biomolecular computer.
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2. The Birth And Development Of Dna Computing

DNA computing, firstly proposed to solve HPP with seven vertexes, is quite a new method in solving NP-complete problems. DNA computing is proved to be much more effective in solving NP-complete problems. Since then it has attracted important attention from scientific community with contributions to mathematics, biology, chemistry and computer science, enriching each other with results, opening problems and promising new research lines. The eventual purpose of DNA computing is to design DNA computers, also called biological computers, which are universal computing devices and much more powerful than electrical computers. There are three main research aspects in DNA computing: theoretical framework of DNA computing, DNA computing models in practice and DNA encoding. The above three researching aspects together contribute to the invention of DNA computer.

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