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Top1. Introduction
In Taiwan, a majority of people prefer traditional payment methods, considering them safer and more reliable than mobile payments (MP). According to the 2018 Taiwan Individual/Household Digital Opportunity Survey, although the mobile internet access rate reached a record high of up to 98.2%, only 14.6% of people had the experience of using MP (NDC, 2018). Despite MPs convenient way of conducting instant transactions through mobile devices anytime and anywhere, the vast majority of consumers in Taiwan are still reluctant to use MP. This social phenomenon reveals that deeply ingrained habits are difficult to change, and that there are still barriers that cashless systems need to overcome. In order to pave the way for MP to become ubiquitous, identifying the critical factors that influence MP adoption is extremely important. Although there has been substantial research on technology adoption testing using the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model, there has been little discussion on the nature of influential relationships between the major variables of the model. This study focuses on the impact between three variables in this model, including effort expectancy, performance expectancy and facilitating conditions; as a result, this study fills an important gap in the literature. In addition, this study assesses whether different use experience affects perception of facilitating conditions, thus shaping judgment of effort expectancy and performance expectancy. Previous studies have also not yet proposed that usage experience be regarded as a moderator to verify the existence of these differences.
The following research offers mobile commerce providers, as well as government policy makers, an in-depth understanding of MP usage intention so that they may develop appropriate policies that cater to consumers’ and citizens’ needs. The UTAUT has generally been utilized to predict consumer's intention to use mobile commerce technology. UTAUT has been applied extensively in order to analyze the adoption of mobile commerce related issues, such as mobile service (Kargin, Basoglu & Daim, 2009), e-commerce (Mensah, Zeng & Luo, 2020), electronic payment (Alemu, Bandyopadhyay & Negash, 2015), Internet of things services (Al-Momani, Mahmoud & Ahmad, 2019), mobile banking (Afshan & Sharif 2016), and mobile payment (Teo, Tan, Ooi, Hew & Yew, 2015). The aim of the following study is to identify the determinants of mobile payment usage intention utilizing UTAUT as the theoretical fundamentals, including performance expectancy, effort expectancy, and facilitating conditions. The study attempts to examine the moderation effect of usage experience between facilitating conditions and performance expectancy, as well as the relationship between facilitating conditions and effort expectancy.
The paper is organized into the following sections. The first section introduces and provides a general understanding of the research topic. The second section includes theoretical background and hypotheses, providing an overview of the relevant literature, establishing the study context, and developing the research model and hypotheses derived from the previous literature review. The third section describes the research methodology, and the fourth section analyzes the data obtained from the survey and interprets the findings of the research. The fifth section summarizes findings, provides implications for practice and policy, as well as discusses directions for future research. The limitations and the future research of this study are pointed out in the sixth section. Finally, the seventh section provides conclusive remarks about the research.