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Top1. Introduction
The consumption of natural resources is rapidly increasing as compared to their replenishment according to the report of Global Footprint Network (Global Footprint Report, 2019). If usage increases, as usual, the need for replenishing will be also amplified to the equivalent of the 3/4th part of the earth by 2050 (UN Fuel Consumption, 2019). Sharing Economy (Winslow & Mont 2019) is the preeminent way to prevail from global financial crises, the wrong way widening social inequalities leading to unsustainable mass consumption on a social and cultural basis. Sharing Economy is a key to unlock the opportunities for the public, entrepreneurs, researchers and last but not the least, government that influences sharing economy to reshape its potential and capacity to deliver promises. In 1978, Marcus and Joel introduced the concept of Sharing Economy as “collaborative consumption (Felson & Spaeth, 1978)”, a vision of mutual consumption of fuel, or goods. Bicycle sharing schemes (BSS) work as a power booster for the sharing economy and also increases the approachability of the public transportation system. The paramount (Shaheen et al., 2010) approach behind the BSS is “anyone can use the bicycle according to their need without setting up any mutual cost and permission from the manufacturer or owner.” BSS (Midgley 2009l O’Brien et al., 2014) helps to eliminate the usage of fuel-gas based transportation and also mutual integration with public transportation services. Moreover, it is also a boon to attenuate traffic congestions as well as depletion of exhaust gases such as carbon monoxide that’s lead to setup relation with environmental protection and conservation of energy (Peng et al., 2019). The contemporary generation of BSS has been fully integrated with high-level features (Altaf, 2017) namely autonomous transactions, a global positioning system (GPS), app-controlled registration services as well as multi-modal mutual data access. As compared to the traditional BSS, the boon of the new generation is omnipresence. Omnipresence means that users can use BSS at any time, anywhere with the full facilities in the presence of a covered mobile network. However, BSS has its bane such as hacked private information, driving safety measures, as a condition of the bike. These banes can put a negative impact on the user toward the adoption of BSS.
The Internet of Things (IoT) is a rapidly growing concept that is being transpired with the amalgamation of innumerate smart objects and things (Al-Fuqaha et al., 2015). IoT and artificial intelligence (AI) (Piramuthu & Zhou 2016) have become the most trending technologies in almost every research area of the modern industry from smart homes to connected vehicles. IoT and AI are the keys to unlock the potential of BSS and transform BSS toward a new futuristic research platform.