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TopVideo Surveillance And Motion Detection
Surveillance cameras can be an effective technique for protecting public safety and detecting or discouraging criminal activity. The analysis of human behaviour since the video attracts the interest of a large number of researchers despite the fact that the problems are diverse and varied. Most approaches in the literature estimate the movement as low-level information (Sarah & Mahfoud, 2016).
Motion detection is usually a control algorithm that helps the surveillance camera to choose when to start capturing the detected event.
Video surveillance becomes a fundamental component of our society as was the case for the mobile phone. Insecurity is also the new element in this need to monitor, statistics prove it.
Video surveillance is a system of cameras arranged in a space to be monitored. These cameras are connected to a computer system which allows the processing and analysis of the received data. Data analysis and integration are increasingly automated and require less human intervention.
Video surveillance is a system that automatically detects the movement of an object. It also allows following this object, it is based on the notion of the dissimilarity between neighbor frames of a video stream. It also exploits the properties of the object like: size, position and speed (Le, 2009; Teresa, 2016).
The Design of a Video Surveillance System
The motion detection step plays a very important role in the video surveillance system because the result of this step will influence all the following steps. Figure 1 shows the general architecture of a video surveillance system.
Figure 1. General architecture of a video surveillance system
Detection of Human Presence
We all have a common morphology, although we are all different. We all have two arms, two legs, one head, etc. which implies that a human silhouette can be differentiated from a silhouette of an animal for example.
Human detection involves segmenting moving regions.
The movement may in particular be detected relative to a background image, to the time difference or to the optical flow (Nguyen, Li, & Ogunbona, 2016; Paul, Haque, & Chakraborty, 2013; Sardeshmukh, Kolte, & Joshi, 2016).