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Top2. Green Manufacturing Management
Green manufacturing management (GMM) is a management system that contains only required resources and materials, manufactures only required quantity of quality products on time that meet customers’ demands which driven the aim to reduce environmental impact. The center for Green Manufacturing of the University of Alabama defines the goal of green manufacturing as “To prevent pollution and save energy through the discovery and development of new knowledge that reduces and/or eliminates the use or generation of hazardous substances in the design, manufacture, and application of chemical products or processes” (Center for Green Manufacturing [CGM], 2011).
The idea behind GMM is the manufacturing planning and control (MPC) system of the materials and information flow which involve initiatives of manufacturing resources planning (MRP II) and lean manufacturing (King & Lenox, 2001; Rothenberg, Pil, & Maxwell, 2001). In addition, Total Quality Environmental Management (TQEM) is integrated to ensure the quality of the processes and products of the system which contribute the ecological sustainability. The capabilities of continuously improving the processes by identifying and eliminating manufacturing wastes are essential for effectiveness of GMM. The main benefit of effective GMM is high ratio of quality to cost of the products manufactured which finally contribute to high profitable organisation with minimum pollution. Green manufacturing has evolved from production shop floor to the whole organisation and from the individual organisation to all organisations in the supply chain (Hines, Holweg, & Rich, 2004; Womack & Jones, 2003). The term itself is also extended to the terms such as green remanufacturing, green operations, green design, and green supply chain (Srivastava, 2007).