K-Centers Clustering Protocol over Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks

2. Review Of Literature

There are many algorithms and protocols that have been proposed in the past few years to save energy and extend the lifetime of WSNs. A brief review of important clustering protocols follows.

One important protocol is Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) (Heinzelman, Chandrakasan, & Balakrishnan, 2000), which has inspired many follow-on protocols. LEACH’s operation involves many iterations. There are two stages in each iteration, a setup stage and a steady-state stage. In the setup stage, LEACH chooses sensor nodes randomly to be Cluster Heads (CHs), then it rotates CHs’ roles during each iteration to distribute energy consumption evenly among all sensor nodes. In the steady-state stage, LEACH uses a TDMA/CDMA schedule and data are transmitted from sensor nodes to CHs, and then from CHs to the BS.