Latency and Energy Optimization Using MAC-Aware Routing for WSNs

Latency and Energy Optimization Using MAC-Aware Routing for WSNs

Sara Hebal, Lemia Louail, Saad Harous
DOI: 10.4018/IJBDCN.2020010102
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Abstract

Protocols for wireless sensor networks are generally designed following the layered protocol stack where layers are independent. Uncorrelated decisions coming from different layers may affect certain metrics such as the latency of communications, the energy consumption, etc. Cross-layer approaches overcome this problem by exploiting the dependencies between the layers. In this article, the authors propose latency and energy mac-aware routing for wireless sensor networks (LEMAR-WSN), a new cross-layer routing approach using information of the TDMA schedule and exploiting the information of the energy consumed by each node in order to optimize the latency of communications and the energy consumption when relaying information to the sink in a wireless sensor network. Simulation results show that the proposed approach improves the average latency of communications up to 20% and the average.
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In the literature, several cross-layer approaches have been proposed in order to improve the performance of transmissions in wireless sensor networks. In this work, the authors are interested in approaches dealing with the data link layer with its MAC protocol and the network layer with its routing protocol.

According to (Fedor, Collier, & Sreenan, 2011) there are two types of cross-layering between the network layer and the data link layer. In the first type, the functionalities of the MAC protocol and the routing protocol are combined in a single approach. SIF (Chen, Deng & Varshney, 2005) is one of these approaches, it combines a routing approach with a collision-based MAC approach. IDeg-Routing&MAC (Louail & Felea, 2016a) also combines a geographic routing approach with a collision-free MAC approach. In the second type, one approach takes advantage of the information coming from the other approach. The MAC approach uses the information of the routing approach like in CoLaNet (Chou & Chuang, 2005) or IDeg-ReLO (Louail & Felea, 2016b). Also, the routing approach uses the information of the MAC approach as in ORW (Landsiedel, Ghadimi, Duquennoy & Johansson, 2002) and MAR-WSN (Louail, Felea, Bernard & Guyennet, 2015).

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