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Top1. Introduction
Technology adoption studies have been conducted in many technology contexts. This is due to a number of roles played by technology in supporting and achieving various activities. Measuring the extent of ICT adoption in organizations is a complex process (Venkatesh & Bala, 2008). Moreover, the type of technology to be studied upon dictates the approach of measurement (Shaikh & Karjaluoto, 2015). That is, the process of adopting and using the technologies are affected by the nature of technology as a changing variable. For example, until the 1960s, the development of data network technology led users to develop and adopt electronic data processing (EDP) systems (Shaikh & Karjaluoto, 2015). The same trend of technology adoption went on to the next decades. In the 1960s the studies focused on transaction processing systems and, Ethernet and COBOL, while in 1970s, it was Decision Support Systems (DSS), Minicomputers, mid-range computers, personal computers, Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) and E-business (Ellison et al., 2007; Harper, 2003; Power, 2007). Similarly, studies in the 1980s focused on Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Systems, Executive Information Systems (EIS), Knowledge Management Systems (KMS) followed by 1990s where studies shifted to deal with mobile commerce, mobile banking, and Web-based DSS (Harper, 2003; Power, 2007). From 2000 to date, studies explain more about Near Field Communication (NFC), Android OS, social banking, to name few (Harper, 2003).
The variation of trends of technologies comes along with the need to explicitly express issues concerning the appropriateness in assessing their adoption status. To effectively explain the technology adoption and acceptance, there are two main paradigms which are asserted (Porter & Donthu, 2006). The first paradigm focuses mainly on how the attributes of a technology affect its perception to the users. This paradigm is well explained by the use of technology adoption models like Technology Adoption Model (TAM) (Porter & Donthu, 2006). The second paradigm includes the latent personality dimensions in explaining the usage and acceptance of new technologies (Porter & Donthu, 2006; King & He, 2006). These personality dimensions are likely to vary from one technology to another. Therefore, it is evident that the personal perception on desktop computing technology differs from those which appear on mobile phone technology. This is contributed by the fact that each computing technology emanates unique features worth considering in measuring adoption of such a technology. In some cases, generic perceptions are measured using generic indicators. For example, different societies and countries use the Technology Readiness Index (TRI) to rank their e-readiness status (Porter & Donthu, 2006; Godoe & Johansen, 2012).