Article Preview
TopIntroduction
A public health emergency is an outbreak of a major infectious disease, a group disease of an unknown cause, a major food or occupation or any other event that seriously affects public health that causes (or may cause) serious damage to public health. The Corona Virus Disease 2019 outbreak at the end of 2019 is a major public health emergency. The virus is characterized by strong transmission capacity, wide range and high case fatality rate. It is an unprecedented challenge for all countries in the world and has brought certain impacts on the economy and development of all countries (Alankar et al., 2021) . If the government and local people do not take timely measures to control the epidemic, it will cause very serious consequences to people’s health and the national economy. Therefore, the epidemic prevention measures of government departments and the active cooperation attitude of local people are of great significance to control the epidemic from the perspective of public health and safety as well as the stable development of the national economy.
Since the outbreak of novel Coronavirus, a number of researchers have studied the epidemic from clinical characteristics and bioinformatics. Abdel-Basset et al. (2020) presented a new hybrid approach based on threshold technology to overcome ISPs for COVID-19 chest X-ray images. Abdel-Basset et al. (2021) proposed an innovative semi-supervised less-shot segmentation (FSS) approach for effective segmentation of 2019-NCOV infections (FSS-2019-NCOV) from a small number of annotated lung CT scans. Dhiman et al. (2021) proposed a Novel Coronavirus infection patient X-ray recognition technology based on multi-objective optimization and deep learning for real-time classification of COVID-19 disease on X-ray chest images. Huang et al. (2020) investigated the reduction of lymphocyte subsets count in COVID-19 patients, and found that these studies met the reporting criteria for lymphocyte subsets count and disease severity of COVID-19. Yuen et al. (2020) highlighted nine of the most important research questions related to virus transmission, asymptomatic and presymptomatic virus shedding, diagnosis, treatment, vaccine development, virus origin, and virus pathogenesis. Zhang et al. (2020) used chemiluminescence analysis (CLIA) to detect IgG and IgM antibodies in COVID-19 patients, and found that severity of COVID-19 was associated with increased IgG response. Song et al. (2020) demonstrated that the characteristics of virological, epidemiological, clinical and managerial outcomes in patients with COVID-19 have been rapidly defined, but inflammatory and immune characteristics also need to be defined as they influence the pathogenesis and clinical expression of COVID-19. Noureddine et al. (2021) proposed that hydroxychloroquine derivatives showed significant efficacy against coronavirus-associated pneumonia. Gao et al. (2020) also pointed out that the chloroquine phosphate used in the multi-center clinical trial conducted in China was an old malaria drug with obvious efficacy and acceptable safety against COVID-19. The above research is mainly aimed at the biological science and medical research of COVID-19 virus, but the complex and changeable virus also needs to be studied at the technical level.