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The purpose of the article is the scientific substantiation of the causes of climate change. The damage of the global economy from global warming is currently $ 300 billion / year and is increasing every year. Scientists at the National Oceanographic Center in Southampton predicted minimal damage from global warming of $ 1.4 trillion. The rise in temperature by 2 degrees can cost 3% of world GDP.
The risk that self-reinforcing feedbacks could push the Earth System toward a planetary threshold that, if crossed, could prevent stabilization of the climate at intermediate temperature rises and cause continued warming on a “Hothouse Earth” pathway even as human emissions are reduced. Crossing the threshold would lead to a much higher global average temperature and to sea levels significantly higher than at any time in the Holocene. If the threshold is crossed, the resulting trajectory would likely cause serious disruptions to ecosystems, society, and economies. Collective human action is required to steer the Earth System away from a potential threshold and stabilize it in a habitable interglacial-like state. Such action entails stewardship of the entire Earth System biosphere, climate, and societies and could include decarbonization of the global economy, enhancement of biosphere carbon sinks, behavioral changes, technological innovations, new governance arrangements, and transformed social values (Steffen et al., 2018).
It is known that increasing concentration of carbon dioxide, methane and dinitrogen monoxide is responsible for climate warming. Initially CO2 was indicated in the Kyoto Protocol, 1997, then it was considered in Report Nº5 of the UN IPCC (IPCC, Climate Change 2014), as a greenhouse gas responsible for climate change, but in the 2015 Paris climate agreement three gases were claimed to be the reason of climate warming, specifically carbon dioxide, methane and dinitrogen monoxide.
The Russian Academy of Sciences several times pointed out that the Kyoto Protocol had no proper scientific justification (Osipov, 2004). The US National Academy of Sciences hesitated to recommend the US Congress to ratify the Kyoto Protocol. Since at the international level anthropogenic thermal pollution of the environment is not considered as a cause of global warming, the methods of eliminating the consequences of the impact of anthropogenic heat on climate parameters are not carefully discussed.
This situation can be explained by the lack of a scientific ground of the real cause of global warming and of the operating principle of the natural mechanism of automatic maintenance of the average air temperature in the atmosphere.
The scientific community should undertake measures aimed at the better understanding of climate self-heating issues by all members of the contemporary society and to be resulted at least in launching an international program on eliminating reasons of this phenomenon.
Different methods to prevent global warming by changing the Earth's radiation balance are discussed. In one method, aerosol particles are sprayed into the atmosphere, which absorb solar radiation and reduce the incoming solar radiation to the earth's surface. The disadvantage of this method is the death of plants on Earth due to the lack of ultraviolet radiation absorbed by aerosols (McNally & Nelson, 2018).
Another proposal is to remove the Earth from the Sun by changing the Earth's orbit, which may have unpredictable consequences for the Earth's ecology and climate.
In order to return the climate parameters to the equilibrium values of 50 years ago, it is possible to organize the production of generators using the energy of the environment with its cooling and the transfer of excess energy with respect to the equilibrium value in the radiation balance of the Earth in the optical range into open space (Vinogradov & Strebkov, 2018).