For large data transmission, data block and multi-paths transmission are the important method to improve its efficiency (Riggins & Wamba, 2015). In the process of transmission, multiple relay nodes form a number of transmission paths. This article firstly analyzes the existing large-scale data transmission algorithm, and then points out the shortcomings of the current main large-scale data transmission algorithm. On the basis of the existing large-scale data transmission algorithm, combining the algorithm about task scheduling and allocation in the grid, this paper proposes the large-scale data transmission algorithm based on node performance blocks, and then does analysis and simulation experiment of the algorithm.