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Top1. Introduction
Composites are a class of materials with the inherent and unique property of high strength to weight ratio. These materials are very light in weight with high stiffness and suitable corrosive property. Libonati and Vergani (2013) studied the non-crimp fabric with ±45º fibre orientation with ten laminate layers. Fabric density was 600 gsm. The predicted tensile strength was 142±3 MPa. The thermographic analysis showed the temperature impacts much during the tensile test. Composite’s fatigue behavior by identifying damage initiation stress was studied using thermographic technique(Colombo et al., 2012). Colombo and Vergani (2014)showed delamination decreased composite’s residual fatigue. Kuram et al. (2013) investigated the recycling number and injection parameters of glass fibre-reinforced nylon by Taguchi method. A carbon fibre-reinforced plastic waste to determine mechanical strengths with the failed specimen’s fracture morphology (Srinivasa et al., 2010). Mhalla et al. (2017) used response surface methodology (RSM) on tensile tests with 27 trials. The significant factors affecting the composite's tensile strength were fibre content and temperature. Makki et al. (2018) studied fibre content, stress loading and fibre angle as input factors. The output response stress concentration of carbon fibre-reinforced epoxy was analyzed using RSM-based mathematical model. It is helpful for material designers.
Penjumras et al. (2015) utilized RSM to optimize preparatory conditions of bio composites and developed a polynomial model. The optimum preparatory conditions were 165°C, 35 wt% cellulose loading, and 15min of mixing, which yielded a strength of 46.207MPa and 2.931 kJ/m2, respectively. Talabari and Alaei (2019) investigated the vacuum infusion process parameters using RSM. The major factors considered for the process were viscosity, glass fabric weight, and fabric angle. The reinforcement angle was with high impact on mechanical properties; it decreased glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP)strength/modulus.
Mhalla et al. (2018) predicted that GFR polyamide's tensile strength through a probabilistic approach. They also proposed a model for determining the GFRP’s reliable strength. The authors concluded that with this empirical relationship, the damage threshold could be studied. Mirmohseni and Zavareh (2011) applied an RSM to optimize the impact strength of nanocomposite (epoxy/ABS/Clay/TiO2). They showed the addition of particulate and layered nanofillers improved the impact strength. Rostamiyan et al. (2015) studied the nano-silica, nano clay, and fibres' orientation on the tensile property and Izod impact strength of hybrid nanocomposite using RSM to optimize mechanical properties.
Priya and Vinayagam (2018a) investigated bi-axial glass fibre composites with nanoparticles (graphene platelet nanopowder). Different automated tests were carried out, such as tensile, compression, flexural, and high-velocity impact. The graphene platelet nanopowder samples had a better mechanical property than a parent sample. Priya and Vinayagam (2018b) investigated the drilling parameters on modified GFRP samples. The input factors were S (speed), F (feed), thickness and tool materials. The output responses were surface roughness (Ra), delamination, and the holes' circularity. The RSM and Grey Relational Analysis results were compared, and they found that both the techniques yielded the same results. Shankar et al. (2018) developed a mathematical model for surface characteristics using RSM. John and Vinayagam (2011) studied a roller burnishing process to investigate surface characteristics, made an empirical model for surface roughness and hardness and validated using Pearson product-moment coefficient (PPMC).