Thermal Anomalies Around the Time of Nepal Earthquakes M 7.8 April 25, 2015 And M 7.3 May 12, 2015

Thermal Anomalies Around the Time of Nepal Earthquakes M 7.8 April 25, 2015 And M 7.3 May 12, 2015

Pranab Hazra, Syam Sundar De, Suman Paul, Gautam Guha, Abhijit Ghosh
Copyright: © 2017 |Pages: 16
DOI: 10.4018/IJGEE.2017010104
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Abstract

Two consecutive large earthquakes having M values 7.8 and 7.3 occurred on April 25 and May 12, 2015, respectively at Nepal. During their occurrences, abrupt increase in greenhouse gases (like CO2, CH4, H2 etc.) and enhancement of radon emanations are found. These attain high momentum that introduce anomaly in the fluid expulsion from seismically active faults which produce air ionization before these large earthquakes. The process may be very much related to the latent heat release due to condensation of ionized aerosols, produced by energetic alpha particles from radon just before the earthquake. This probably introduces changes in the observed meteorological parameters in the region. Such variations may be due to siesmo tectonically induced radon anomaly before the earthquake.
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Introduction

The Himalayas laterally extends about 2400 km from Western Kashmir to the Indo-Burma border. The ongoing convergences between the Indian and Eurasian plates have resulted in a very high level of seismicity in this region. In the area of convergence, transpressional tectonics also found to be operative. The tectonic and seismic activity surrounding Himalayan region has become a major research area.

The locations of occurrences of different earthquakes from 1833 to 2015 are depicted by star marks in Figure 1. Occurrences of major earthquakes (M≥6) in Nepal since 1934 are shown in Table 1.

Figure 1.

Major earthquakes (M≥6) on the Himalayan frontal system including earthquake on April 25, 2015

IJGEE.2017010104.f01
Table 1.
Occurrences of major earthquakes (M≥6) in Nepal since 1934
YearDateLat.(Deg.)Long.(Deg.)Depth(km)M Value
1934Jan 1526.773° N86.762° E358.1
1966Jun 2729.554° N80.854° E22.76
1980Jul 2929.623° N81.103° E14.46.5
1988Aug 2026.763° N86.618° E576.8
2011Sep 1827.33° N88.62° E19.76.9
2015Apr 2528.1° N84.6° E107.9
2015May 1227.8° N86.2° E107.3

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