Using the Kalman Filter for Auto Bit-rate H.264 Streaming Based on Human Interaction

Using the Kalman Filter for Auto Bit-rate H.264 Streaming Based on Human Interaction

Wei-Tsong Lee (Department of Electrical Engineering, Tamkang University, New Taipei City, Taiwan), Tin-Yu Wu (Department of Computer Science & Information Engineering, National Ilan University, Yilan City, Taiwan), Yu-Chieh Cheng (Department of Electrical Engineering, Tamkang University, New Taipei City, Taiwan), Yue-Ru Chuang (Department of Electrical Engineering, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan) and Shiann-Tsong Sheu (Department of Communication Engineering, National Central University, Taipei City, Taiwan)
Copyright: © 2013 |Pages: 17
DOI: 10.4018/ijthi.2013100104

Abstract

Human Machine Interface (HMI) and interactive systems applications are complex and diversified but human machine interaction in networks is even more complex. To design an interactive system, the designers must consider factors including design, technologies, people, activities and contexts. As the intermediary for human and machines, the interactive system takes charge of not only data transmission, display, storage and convertion, but also reactions to human behaviors. Based on human interaction, this paper focuses on the popular video streaming. As one of the most commonly used compression video formats, H.264 provides better quality at lower bit-rates than its previous standards in transmitting video/audio data. However, the quality of networked multimedia streaming easily fluctuates with the bit-rate variation. In order to maintain good video quality, this paper proposes to use the Kalman filter to implement the Auto bit-rate technique, which can regulate the bit-rate of the video/audio data automatically when the bit-rate is insufficient, and simultaneously guarantee the video quality. The experimental result proves that our proposed Auto bit-rate scheme can regulate the bit-rate to achieve the optimal visual quality and offer the best quality of service at the same time.
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Introduction of H.264

H.264/AVC(R. Hinterseer et al., 2006; or called MPEG-4 Part-10, is a video compression standard developed by the Joint Video Team (JVT) of the ITU-T Video Coding Experts Group (VCEG) and the ISO/IEC Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG; in December of 2001. With the identical technical content, this standard is named H.264 after the H.26x video standards by the ITU-T and MPEG-4 Part-10 or Advanced Video Coding (AVC) by ISO/IEC MPEG (officially known as ISO/IEC 14496-10). Usually, this standard is called H.264/AVC (or H.264/MPEG-4 AVC) (Tin-Yu Wu et al., 2012; I-Ju Liao et al., 2011). H.264 was initially developed by the ITU-T based on H.26L, a name that is far less common but still used. The final draft on the first version of H.264 was completed in May of 2003 and the second version was also defined in March of 2005.

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