Abstract
This chapter describes a comparison study between the techniques of coplanar waveguide (CPW) and microstrip line applied to antenna in the ultra-wide band by analyzing the different parameters achieved into simulation and fabrication. Fractal geometry has been chosen to design the radiating patch of both types of antennas by including two electromagnetic solvers based on two different numerical methods: CST of microwave studio and ADS. The parameters S11, current density, gain, and the radiation pattern have been achieved into simulation and measurement in the frequency range 3.1 – 10.6GHz released by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) as a commercial UWB. The photolithographic technique, the network analyzer, and the anechoic chamber have been involved to perform the fabrication and the measurement of the validated microstrip and CPW antennas.
TopUwb Definition
In the past the UWB has been used in some limited applications such as the radars, the sensing and the military communications. However UWB and since February 2002 when the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) released the regulation (2002 a, b), the UWB become massively used in the data communications.
The UWB systems remains the most attractive for the customer communications due to a several advantages such as; low complexity, low cost, resistance to the multipath and jamming, noise-like signal and good time domain resolution allowing for location and tracking applications.
Key Terms in this Chapter
Koch Curve: A fractal shape started with straight line that divides into three equal segments and where the middle segment is replace by two sides of an equilateral triangle of the same length as the segment being removed.
CPW Antenna: Planar transmission line located symmetrically in between two grounds collocated in the same side with the fed line and the radiator.
Sierpinski Triangle: A fractal shape based on an equilateral triangle subdivided recursively into.
Microstrip Antenna: Radiating conductor element on the top side of a dielectric and ground plane conductor on the bottom side.
Sierpinski Carpet: A fractal shape base on a square subdivided recursively into smaller squares.
Fractal: A fragmented shape that can be subdivided to copies of the original form with reduced sizes.