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A Survey on Early Detection of Women's Breast Cancer Using IoT

A Survey on Early Detection of Women's Breast Cancer Using IoT

P. Malathi (Saveetha School of Engineering, India & Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, India) and A. Kalaivani (Saveetha School of Engineering, India & Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, India)
Copyright: © 2023 |Pages: 10
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-6684-7136-4.ch029
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Abstract

The internet of things is probably one of the most challenging and disruptive concepts raised in recent years. Recent development in innovation and availability have prompted the rise of internet of things (IoT). IoT technology is used in a wide scope of certified application circumstances. Internet of things has witnessed the transition in life for the last few years which provides a way to analyze both the real-time data and past data by the emerging role. The current state-of-the-art method does not effectively diagnose breast cancer in the early stages. Thus, the early detection of breast cancer poses a great challenge for medical experts and researchers. This chapter alleviates this by developing a novel software to detect breast cancer at a much earlier stage than traditional methods or self-examination.
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Introduction

Breast cancer the second leading cause of death for women. Breast cancer is cancer that develops in breast cells. Typically, the cancer forms in either the lobules or the ducts of the breast. Lobules are the glands that produce milk, and ducts are the pathways that bring the milk from the glands to the nipple. Cancer can also occur in the fatty tissue or the fibrous connective tissue within your breast. Among women, breast cancer is the most second most common cancer diagnosed, after skin cancer, and the second leading cause of cancer deaths, after lung cancer. On average, 1 in 8 women will develop breast cancer in their lifetimes. About two-thirds of women with breast cancer are 55 or older. Most of the rest are between 35 and 54. Fortunately, breast cancer is very treatable if you spot it early. Localized cancer (meaning it hasn’t spread outside your breast) can usually be treated before it spreads. Once the cancer begins to spread, treatment becomes more complicated. It can often control the disease for years.

Symptoms of Breast Cancer

In Early stages, breast cancer may not cause any symptoms. In many cases, a tumor may be too small to be felt, but an abnormality can still be seen on a mammogram. If a tumor can be felt, the first sign is usually a new lump in the breast that was not there before. However, not all lumps are cancer. Each type of breast cancer can cause a variety of symptoms.

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    A breast lump or tissue thickening that feels different than surrounding tissue and has developed recently

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    Breast pain

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    Red, pitted skin over your entire breast

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    Swelling in all or part of your breast

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    A nipple discharge other than breast milk

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    Bloody discharge from your nipple

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    Peeling, scaling, or flaking of skin on your nipple or breast

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    A sudden, unexplained change in the shape or size of your breast

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    Inverted nipple

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    Changes to the appearance of the skin on your breasts

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    A lump or swelling under your arm

Treatment of Breast Cancer

Breast cancer is treated in several ways. It depends on the kind of breast cancer and how far it has spread. People with breast cancer often get more than one kind of treatment.

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    Surgery: An operation where doctors cut out cancer tissue.

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    Chemotherapy: Using special medicines to shrink or kill the cancer cells. The drugs can be pills you take or medicines given in your veins, or sometimes both.

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    Hormonal therapy: Blocks cancer cells from getting the hormones they need to grow.

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    Biological therapy: Works with your body’s immune system to help it fight cancer cells or to control side effects from other cancer treatments.

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    Radiation therapy: Using high-energy rays (similar to X-rays) to kill the cancer cells.

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Breast Cancer Screening Test

Digital Mammogram

A mammogram is an X-ray of the breast. Mammograms are the best way to find breast cancer early, when it is easier to treat and before it is big enough to feel or cause symptoms. Having regular mammograms can lower the risk of dying from breast cancer. At this time, a mammogram is the best way to find breast cancer for most women.

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