AI Chatbots in Higher Education: A Meta-Synthesis

Abstract

This chapter evaluates the qualitative studies on how AI chatbots impact HE, specifically their benefits and challenges. A systematic search was conducted across academic databases resulting in the inclusion of 27 research papers published between 2018 and 2023. The research in this involved utilizing the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) checklist for Systematic Review to evaluate the quality and relevance of each study followed by a thematic analysis of the data using Braun and Clarke's approach to identify key themes. The first theme, ” Improved Learning Experience,” explores the benefits of including personalized support, increased engagement, user-friendliness, skills development, and efficiency. The second theme, “: Practical and Ethical Issues,” delves into the practical and ethical issues, such as ethical concerns, pedagogical limitations, information accuracy, and technical challenges. A balanced approach to integrate AI chatbots in HE, addressing ethical and technical concerns while maximizing its benefits were given emphasis on the studies reviewed and evaluated.