Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the entrepreneurial intention of university students using the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and parents' occupation. A questionnaire based survey was employed for the data collection. A total of 1244 students participated in the survey. The sample was a convenience one given that the resources available were limited. The size of the sample allows us to proceed with reliable statistical analyses and produce valid conclusions. The findings of our research showed that perceived behavioral control, subjective norms, attitude and parents' occupation are important variables influencing entrepreneurial intention. The variable that affects entrepreneurial intention the most is attitude. The findings led support to the theory and the hypotheses proposed. These findings indicate that the recommended model can be used to explain a large part of variation in entrepreneurial intention. This study, contributes to the entrepreneurial intention literature providing empirical evidence to help formulate policies encouraging university students' entrepreneurship practices, attracting the interest of both educators and policy makers. This evidence will become increasingly important, as research in the field of entrepreneurship continues to place models of entrepreneurial intentions at the center of our understanding of the entrepreneurial process. Future studies could investigate the validity of the findings reported here, in different contexts using more variables, not included in this study and inquire the potential existence of latent variables which may be confounding the relationships discussed in this paper.
TopEntrepreneurship As Human Behavior
Entrepreneurship is perceived a key phenomenon responsible for economic growth and entrepreneurs as the prime agents of economic change, who pull together the factors of production; capital, land, labour and knowledge, to create socioeconomic value responsible for the dynamism of nations (Mwatsika, Patrick, and Levison, 2018). The concept of entrepreneurship has been studied from various scholarly perspectives (economics, sociology, psychology, anthropology, business, marketing, finance, geography, history etc.) in the effort to advance its understanding. Studies of entrepreneurship have focused on the traits/characteristics of the entrepreneur, the motivations and drivers of entrepreneurship, the processes involved in the creation of new (Mwatsika, et.al. 2018).
Key Terms in this Chapter
Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA): A theory that aims to explain the relationship between attitudes and behaviours within human action.
Entrepreneurial Intention: The recognized belief of a person who intends to undertake a new business venture.
Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB): A framework which helps in the comprehension and study of entrepreneurial intentions.
Parents Occupation: A key determinant of the action of new venture creation.
Perceived behavioral control: People's perceptions of their ability to perform a given behavior.
Subjective Norms: Perceived social pressure from society as well as family and friends.
Attitude: Individuals' beliefs about outcomes or attributes of performing the behavior, weighted by evaluations of those outcomes or attributes.