Application of Dehalogenase Enzymes in Bioremediation of Halogenated Pollutants: A Short Review

Application of Dehalogenase Enzymes in Bioremediation of Halogenated Pollutants: A Short Review

Raghunath Satpathy
Copyright: © 2021 |Pages: 13
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-7062-3.ch014
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Abstract

The halogenated hydrocarbons have been widely used by human beings. They are xenobiotic and toxic. The microbes having a specific group of hydrolase enzymes, known as dehalogenases, that actually break the carbon-halogen bonds of the halogenated substances and subsequently convert them into their non-toxic forms. In this chapter, the categories of dehalogenase enzymes possessed by microorganisms are narrated. The overall source, mechanism of catalysis, and structural aspects of the haloalkane dehalogenase enzymes have been discussed with special focus to the bioremediation of 1, 2 dichloroethane.
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Categories Of Dehalogenation Enzymes And Mechanisms

The microorganisms possess several types of dehalogenase enzyme systems which are involved for catalyzation of different types of halogenated substances to which they are exposed. Hamid et al. (2013) classified the dehalogenase enzymes as haloalkane dehalogenases, halohydrin dehalogenases, haloacetate dehalogenases, dichloromethane dehalogenases and D- and L-haloalkanoic acid dehalogenases (Hamid et al., 2013; Janssen et al., 1994). Eight categories of dehalogenase enzymes and their reaction mechanisms for the substrates as described by Janssen et al. in 1994 has been shown in Table 1.

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