This chapter presents results of SMART for small Unmanned Aerial Vehicles System of Systems complex making, the development of complex control and Infrared communication algorithms, investigations of operation effectiveness of reconnaissance SMART UAVs System-of-System and of the distributed systems of wireless sensors. The development of UAV System-of-System complex and the military tactic tasks and reconnaissance application have been considered. The problems upon providing effective functioning of reconnaissance UAV during analysis and control of highly dynamic scenes are considered. It is shown that during the optimum regime of functioning and taking into account given limiting conditions on total radiation power of radio signals, the reconnaissance UAV should possess the current radiation power inversely proportional to the amount of signal-noise ratio. The technical realization of such optimum regimes is possible by way of development of adaptive control of transmitter power depending on the amount of useful signal detected during reconnaissance activity of UAV.
TopBackground
The SMART control System of Systems (SoS) for dynamic objects group can be based on the various logics. In recent years Systems of systems conception for dynamic objects group have been become a very important direction in various areas of science and industry, including military. SoS is consisted of components which solve one task and on jointing in the whole own properties and possibilities these components create the complex system with new qualities. SoS is such system which during various operations combines and joints itself the synergetics of commands, control functions, network and feedback information change.
Since 1990s the possibilities and advantages of SoS ideology have very interesting and this ideology has been widely applied in the dynamic groups control and solution of various tasks, such as: conduct of policy, defense systems, transport, public health and other. In 1995 for the first time, the SoS ideology was applied in military area.
From the point of view of mathematics, moving in air, sea or space, the various automated robots including Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) can be considered as dynamic systems (Bayramov, Hashimov & Nasibov, 2019). Such systems can execute both civil and military tasks. The control of these systems can be based on the various principles. The distinction of kind between by usual and SoS ideology control systems is that the criterion of usual system control is evaluation of UAV operation, but the criterion of SoS control is evaluation of effectiveness. Usual systems can not evaluate of changeable operation condition.
For example, UAVs group at 20 km distance from the distribution of troops and at a height of 1 km executes some task. The effectiveness of task solution is depended on a number of UAV, on space location, on environment conditions and events, etc. The task can be executed at own or enemy territory, on the mountainous or flat country. In these conditions, at each moment the rational decision making based on the UAV operation evaluation, UAV state and possibilities assessment are advantages of SoS ideology.
The combat task programs implemented by Unmanned Aerial Vehicles System-of-Systems have been considered and presented in this chapter. The software architecture of complex flight control is developed. The equations of motion of the given system have been obtained. The Infra Red (IR) wireless between UAVs, radio wireless between UAVs and land control post, and UAVs flight control conditions have been offered. It is shown that Unmanned Aerial Vehicle System-of-System complex can be applied for autonomy execution of various military combat tasks (Bayramov, Hashimov, Hasanov, Pashayev & Sabziev, 2018).
The developed and offered software architecture of UAVs SoS SMART complex include five main functions:
The most important distinctive property of developed UAVs SoS complex is intentionally turning off a radio wireless on the line of land control center after UAVs take off. In accordance with the written in memory software program, UAVs SoS is self-controlled by infra-red wireless and using “feedback” principle. They carry out a combat task independently. If some of UAVs loss IR wireless then it (or they) return land control center independently. If some of UAVs is destroyed under enemy fire then other UAVs continue to carry out a combat task.
Infra Red wireless communication can provide safety and security information transfer between UAVs in IR optic range: the frequency is ∼ 300 THz and the wave length is ∼ 980 nm. Usually, LED (Light Emitting Diodes) elements are used in Infra Red wireless communication for generation and transfer infrared waves. Infra Red wireless communication has next advantages in comparison with radio one:
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Is not sensible to electromagnetic noise.
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There is low energy necessary for waves generation.
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It is not necessary to order for additional communication channels.
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There are signals security transfer.
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There is information very much security transfer.
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İt is impossible outside intervention.