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Applications of Supercomputers in Sequence Analysis and Genome Annotation

Applications of Supercomputers in Sequence Analysis and Genome Annotation

Gerard G. Dumancas (Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, USA)
Copyright: © 2015 |Pages: 27
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-4666-7461-5.ch006
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Abstract

In the modern era of science, bioinformatics play a critical role in unraveling the potential genetic causes of various diseases. Two of the most important areas of bioinformatics today, sequence analysis and genome annotation, are essential for the success of identifying the genes responsible for different diseases. These two emerging areas utilize highly intensive mathematical calculations in order to carry out the processes. Supercomputers facilitate such calculations in an efficient and time-saving manner generating high-throughput images. Thus, this chapter thoroughly discusses the applications of supercomputers in the areas of sequence analysis and genome annotation. This chapter also showcases sophisticated software and algorithms utilized by the two mentioned areas of bioinformatics.
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Supercomputers In Sequence Analysis

Sequence analysis is the most commonly performed task in bioinformatics. It was one of the first bioinformatics techniques founded in ~1970 (Webb-Roberts, 2004). DNA sequencing is simply any process used to map out the sequence of the nucleotides that comprise a strand of DNA. After the discovery of the double helix shape of DNA in 1953, and seeing how it is comprised of a series of ladder like units known as DNA nucleotides, the primary goal has been to find out just how the sequence of those little nucleotides leads to the physical characteristics of an organism, that is, whether what your hair color, your skin color, and every other detail from your bone marrow to the tip of your hair. Thus, DNA sequencing is simply a way for scientists to unravel genetics, the study of how we are put together and how we transfer our traits to our offspring.

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